Table 3.
Synergistic interaction between T. atlanticus essential oil (EO) and ciprofloxacin against resistant bacteria.
| Micrococcus luteus | Staphylococcus aureus | Bacillus subtilis | Escherichia coli | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Klebsiella pneumoniae | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FIC | FICI | Gain | FIC | FICI | Gain | FIC | FICI | Gain | FIC | FICI | Gain | FIC | FICI | Gain | FIC | FICI | Gain | |
| EO | 0.25 | - | - | 0.25 | - | - | 0.25 | - | - | 0.25 | - | - | 0.25 | - | - | 0.25 | - | - |
| Ciprofloxacin | 0.02 | 0.27 a | 64 | 0.25 | 0.50 a | 4 | 0.06 | 0.31 a | 16 | 0.02 | 0.27 a | 64 | 0.25 | 0.50 a | 4 | 0.00 | 0.25 a | 256 |
FIC: fractional inhibitory concentration. FICI: fractional inhibitor concentration index. FIC of oil = MIC of EO in combination with antibiotic/MIC of EO alone. FIC of antibiotic = MIC of antibiotic in combination with EO/MIC of antibiotic alone. FIC index = FIC of EO + FIC of antibiotic. a Total synergism.