Table 5.

The effects of LA on spinal I/R injury.

Species	I/R models	Treatments	Effects and mechanisms	Ref
New Zealand rabbits	Abdominal aorta I/R (30 min/48 h)	LA (100 mg/kg, i.p) at 5 min before I/R	Decreasing spinal I/R injury via reducing plasma and spinal levels of nitric oxide, glutathione, malondialdehyde, and advanced oxidation protein products	[105]
New Zealand rabbits	Abdominal aorta I/R (30 min/48 h)	LA (100 mg/kg, i.p) at 20 min before ischemia	Decreasing neuronal degeneration, axonal damage, and microglial and astrocytic infiltration via oxidative stress	[106]
Wistar rats	Abdominal aorta I/R (30 min/3 d)	LA (100 mg/kg, i.h) at 3 days before ischemia	Reducing neurologic injury by maintaining the oxidant/antioxidant balance	[107]
New Zealand rabbits	Abdominal aorta I/R (20 min/2 h)	LA (100 mg/kg) at 10 min before ischemia	Exhibiting antioxidant efficacy with no effect on oxidative stress	[108]