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. 2021 Oct 13;21(4):691–717. doi: 10.1007/s13127-021-00509-9

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — Generalized sketch drawings of main characters discussed in the main manuscript. (A) Positioning of setae on either tergite (nannoniscid character, Nannoniscus oblongus modified after Wilson, 2008) or (B) coxae (desmosomatid character: standardized Chelator specimen modified after Brix et al. (2015); (C) bulbous 5-segmented antennula modified after Wilson (2008), i.e., Nannoniscus, Rapaniscus, Regabellator, and Exiliniscus)); (D) antennula article 2 with two large articulated broom setae modified after Hessler (1970); (E, F, G) presence or absence of posterolateral spines at the pleotelson and pleotelson shape as well as degree of somite articulation is variable within nannoniscid genera (e.g., Nannoniscoides)—in (F) uropods covering anus valves (Pseudomesus); (H) dorsal row of long setae on carpus of PII (Echinopleura) modified after Brix (2007); (J) composed (unequally bifid) seta according to Hessler (1970); (K) subchelate PI of Torwolia after Brix (2007); (L) ventral rows of natatory setae at PV-VII in Eugerda modified after Park (1999); (M) shape of the fifth pereonite comparable to Torwolia creper Hessler, 1970 (here: convex); (N) shape of the fifth pereonite comparable to Prochelator hampsoni Hessler, 1970 (here: concave); (O) raptorial and enlarged PI in Eugerdella and Whoia modified after Hessler (1970); (P) chelate PI (Disparella); (Q) unspecialized PI in Mirabilicoxa/Desmosoma holding rows of composed setae. Little black arrows may focus the reader’s eye to the illustrated characters