Table 2.
Incidence per 1000 person-years and hazards ratio (95% confidence interval) of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
| Variables | N | Case | Person-years | Incidence | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | ||||||||
| Comparison group | 5144 | 34 | 56,559.9 | 0.60 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||
| CKD group | 2572 | 31 | 22,355.8 | 1.39 | 2.11 (1.30–3.43)** | 0.003 | 2.15 (1.32–3.51)** | 0.002 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 4027 | 37 | 40,408.2 | 0.92 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Female | 3689 | 28 | 38,507.5 | 0.73 | 0.81 (0.49–1.32) | 0.388 | 0.79 (0.48–1.30) | 0.352 |
| Ages (years) | ||||||||
| < 45 | 2117 | 16 | 22,783.0 | 0.70 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||
| 45–64 | 3606 | 34 | 37,789.3 | 0.90 | 1.30 (0.71–2.35) | 0.394 | 0.99 (0.53–1.83) | 0.965 |
| > 64 | 1993 | 15 | 18,343.4 | 0.82 | 1.18 (0.58–2.38) | 0.653 | 0.89 (0.43–1.84) | 0.748 |
| Residence | ||||||||
| Seoul | 1872 | 16 | 19,202.5 | 0.83 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||
| 2nd area | 1954 | 15 | 20,064.3 | 0.75 | 0.90 (0.44–1.82) | 0.768 | 0.93 (0.46–1.89) | 0.849 |
| 3rd area | 3890 | 34 | 39,648.9 | 0.86 | 1.03 (0.57–1.87) | 0.915 | 0.99 (0.54–1.80) | 0.972 |
| Household income | ||||||||
| Low (0–30%) | 1566 | 11 | 15,696.4 | 0.70 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Middle (30–70%) | 2823 | 26 | 29,105.5 | 0.89 | 1.29 (0.64–2.60) | 0.483 | 1.26 (0.62–2.55) | 0.525 |
| High (70–100%) | 3327 | 28 | 34,113.8 | 0.82 | 1.18 (0.59–2.38) | 0.634 | 1.09 (0.54–2.20) | 0.812 |
| Hypertension | ||||||||
| No | 7212 | 56 | 73,764.4 | 0.76 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Yes | 504 | 9 | 5151.3 | 1.75 | 2.33 (1.16–4.72)* | 0.018 | 2.38 (1.17–4.85)* | 0.016 |
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||||||
| No | 4639 | 22 | 48,118.6 | 0.46 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Yes | 3077 | 43 | 30,797.1 | 1.40 | 3.09 (1.85–5.17)*** | < 0.001 | 3.18 (1.87–5.42)*** | < 0.001 |
CKD, Chronic kidney disease; SSNHL, Sudden sensorineural hearing loss; HR, Hazard ratio; CI, Confidence interval. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.010, and ***P < 0.001.