Table 2.
Network meta-analysis of adjunctive aripiprazole, metformin, and PGD with regard to the mean changes of prolactin levels and PANSS total scores in schizophrenia [mean differences (95% CI)].
| Aripiprazole <5 mg/d (1) | −1.73 (−6.86, 3.57) |
−1.78 (−7.09, 3.74) |
−0.38 (−5.96, 4.97) |
2.70 (−4.09, 9.35) |
−0.87 (−7.95, 5.83) |
−0.46 (−6.72, 5.66) |
−2.54 (−7.37, 2.56) |
−1.73 (−6.86, 3.57) |
| −19.39 (−60.50, 22.54) |
Aripiprazole = 5 mg/d (2) | −0.07 (−2.55, 2.23) |
1.28 (−1.59, 3.98) |
4.36 (−0.66, 9.09) |
0.80 (−4.43, 6.03) |
1.25 (−2.95, 5.43) |
−0.81 (−2.23, 0.54) |
−0.07 (−2.55, 2.23) |
| −23.55 (−65.35, 18.65) |
−3.77 (−19.38, 11.68) |
5 mg/d < Aripiprazole ≤10 mg/d (3) | 1.33 (−1.80, 4.34) |
4.41 (−0.74, 9.53) |
0.89 (−4.60, 6.35) |
1.29 (−3.24, 5.83) |
−0.75 (−2.86, 1.44) |
1.33 (−1.80, 4.34) |
| −19.70 (−61.05, 23.86) |
0.32 (−15.99, 17.62) |
4.02 (−14.91, 23.24) |
Aripiprazole >10 mg/d (4) | 3.19 (−2.03, 8.30) |
−0.47 (−5.95, 5.30) |
−0.04 (−4.67, 4.72) |
−2.07 (−4.54, 0.33) |
3.19 (−2.03, 8.30) |
| −51.97 (−101.27, −2.29) |
−32.67 (−63.87, −0.85) |
−29.04 (−61.64, 4.42) |
−32.54 (−64.68, 0.41) |
Metformin <1,000 mg/d (5) | – | −3.69 (−10.29, 3.35) |
−3.23 (−8.87, 2.91) |
−5.19
(−9.79, −0.35) |
| −50.25 (−110.96, 12.06) |
−30.53 (−80.00, 18.89) |
−26.58 (−75.33, 22.13) |
−30.82 (−80.86, 19.22) |
2.06 (−55.91, 59.97) |
Metformin ≥etformin (6) | – | – | – |
| −42.85 (−92.53, 8.97) |
−22.59 (−55.15, 10.97) |
−18.64 (−53.57, 15.99) |
−22.39 (−56.46, 11.83) |
10.19 (−32.82, 52.12) |
7.78 (−47.80, 66.89) |
PGD = 1:1 (7) | 0.37 (−5.37, 6.01) |
−1.62 (−6.57, 3.47) |
| −36.05 (−86.61, 15.65) |
−15.45 (−48.96, 15.46) |
−11.87 (−46.51, 21.31) |
−15.86 (−51.30, 17.29) |
16.83 (−25.96, 57.14) |
14.76 (−42.82, 69.39) |
6.62 (−32.21, 45.70) |
PGD > 1:1 (8) | −2.03 (−5.95, 1.79) |
|
−65.52
(−104.91, −24.08) |
−45.59 (−55.89, −35.75) |
−41.79 (−55.44, −28.21) |
−45.85 (−60.69, −31.55) |
−13.03 (−43.58, 16.64) |
−15.06 (−63.26, 33.40) |
−22.70 (−54.86, 7.84) |
−30.00 (−59.90, 1.13) |
Placebo (9) |
□ Prolactin level changes. ■ PANSS total score changes.
The results of the random effects NMA model are displayed. Bold values indicate the most effective treatments. Dark gray indicated the nine interventions.