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. 2021 Oct 13;49(1):567–576. doi: 10.1007/s11033-021-06793-0

Table 1.

List of available studies that determined the positive effects of CSs on COVID-19 patients

Types of study Country of study Sample Size Outcome Reference
Meta-analysis China, Europe, North America, South America, Multi-continental 20,197

Lower mortality rate

Less mechanical ventilation requirement

Delayed viral clearance

Increased secondary Infection

[37]
Retrospective study France 70

Lower risk of orotracheal intubation and ventilation in ICU

Prevents worsening of COVID-19 severe pneumonia

[38]
Clinical analysis China 46

Improved hypoxia and fever

Shortened disease course

[40]
Meta-analysis Austria, Spain, Brazil, UK, US, China, Canada, New-Zealand, Denmark, France, European Union, 1703 Lower mortality rate [41]