Table 4.
Multivariable logistic regression analysis for elite endurance and strength athletes.
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | OR | 95% CI | P-value | OR | 95% CI | P-value | OR | 95% CI | P-value | OR | 95% CI | P-value |
| Elite endurance athletes (N = 1,388) | ||||||||||||
| Age | 0.998 | 0.959–1.039 | 0.93 | 1.025 | 0.983–1.068 | 0.24 | 1.028 | 0.986–1.071 | 0.19 | 1.021 | 0.979–1.065 | 0.32 |
| Tobacco smoking | 0.704 | 0.525–0.943 | 0.01 | 0.694 | 0.515–0.936 | 0.01 | 0.687 | 0.509–0.927 | 0.01 | 0.759 | 0.560–1.029 | 0.07 |
| LV mass index | 1.023 | 1.012–1.034 | <0.001 | 1.031 | 1.020–1.043 | <0.001 | 1.032 | 1.021–1.044 | <0.001 | 1.027 | 1.015–1.039 | <0.001 |
| RV systolic pressure | 1.027 | 0.994–1.061 | 0.11 | 1.018 | 0.985–1.053 | 0.28 | 1.018 | 0.984–1.053 | 0.30 | 1.019 | 0.985–1.054 | 0.28 |
| E'/A' ratio | 1.291 | 1.072–1.556 | 0.007 | 1.163 | 0.958–1.411 | 0.12 | 1.159 | 0.955–1.407 | 0.13 | 1.076 | 0.883–1.312 | 0.46 |
| Body mass index | – | – | – | 0.847 | 0.806–0.890 | <0.001 | 0.854 | 0.812–0.898 | <0.001 | 0.852 | 0.809–0.897 | <0.001 |
| Mean blood pressure | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.987 | 0.970–1.004 | 0.12 | 0.991 | 0.974–1.008 | 0.29 |
| Heart rate | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.964 | 0.949–0.979 | <0.001 |
| Elite strength athletes (N = 577) | ||||||||||||
| Age | 1.013 | 0.947–1.085 | 0.70 | 1.023 | 0.954–1.096 | 0.52 | 1.028 | 0.958–1.103 | 0.44 | 1.030 | 0.960–1.106 | 0.40 |
| Tobacco smoking | 1.171 | 0.714–1.918 | 0.53 | 1.191 | 0.726–1.954 | 0.49 | 1.189 | 0.724–1.954 | 0.49 | 1.170 | 0.710–1.928 | 0.53 |
| LV mass index | 1.027 | 1.007–1.048 | 0.008 | 1.029 | 1.008–1.050 | 0.006 | 1.030 | 1.009–1.051 | 0.005 | 1.031 | 1.010–1.053 | 0.004 |
| RV systolic pressure | 1.124 | 1.056–1.197 | <0.001 | 1.122 | 1.053–1.195 | <0.001 | 1.121 | 1.052–1.195 | <0.001 | 1.121 | 1.052–1.194 | <0.001 |
| E'/A' ratio | 1.540 | 1.108–2.141 | 0.01 | 1.480 | 1.058–2.072 | 0.02 | 1.470 | 1.050–2.056 | 0.02 | 1.500 | 1.063–2.116 | 0.02 |
| Body mass index | – | – | – | 0.954 | 0.882–1.033 | 0.25 | 0.966 | 0.890–1.048 | 0.96 | 0.964 | 0.888–1.046 | 0.38 |
| Mean blood pressure | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.981 | 0.952–1.012 | 0.22 | 0.980 | 0.951–1.011 | 0.20 |
| Heart rate | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1.007 | 0.983–1.032 | 0.57 |
Data are presented as odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI (confidence intervals) using multiple logistic regression.
LV, left ventricle; RV, right ventricle.
Model 1 covariates included age, tobacco smoking and left ventricular mass index; Model 2 covariates included Model 1 covariates plus body mass index; Model 3 covariates included Model 2 covariates plus mean blood pressure; Model 4 covariates included Model 3 covariates plus heart rate.