Targeted mRNA-miRNA expression in subjects with melanoma. (A) The expression levels of PLA1A, DSC3, and DMKN in EMT+/VM+ melanoma tissues in different groups, Nevi (n = 7), primary melanoma (n = 11), and metastatic melanoma (n = 16). PLA1A and DMKN expression levels were associated with different clinical stages of melanoma. (B) Comparison of miR-563, miR-770–5p, and miR-370 levels among Nevi (n = 7), primary melanoma (n = 11), and metastatic melanoma (n = 16) tissues. The miR-770–5p levels were significantly increased during melanomagenesis. In contrast, the miR-563 and miR-370 expression levels were significantly lower in patients with late-stage melanoma than in those with Nevi. (C) Quantification and (D) representative microscopic images showing the relative expression levels of PLA1A, DSC3, and DMKN in EMT+/VM+ tumor sections in various groups following immunohistochemical staining. Targeted PLA1A, DSC3, and DMKN expressions were increased in EMT+/VM+ melanoma tissues and serum samples. The immunohistochemical staining of PLA1A, DSC3, and DMKN were represented in one specific case; non-neoplastic nevus patient No. NN06, primary melanoma patient No. PM08, and metastatic melanoma patient No. MM05 tissues (Supplemental Table S5). The expressions of target mRNA in all three groups were quantified using predeveloped TaqMan assay kits from Applied Biosystems (Life Technologies, Foster City, CA) and normalized by the 18S RNA housekeeping gene. Also, the expressions of target miRNA were quantified using predeveloped TaqMan® MicroRNA Reverse Transcription Kit (PN 4366597, 1500 reactions) and normalized using the RNU6B. The elative contents of target mRNAs-miRNAs were calculated and expressed according the 2−ΔΔCT method. Nevi refers to patients diagnosed with any abnormal, congenital formation or mark on the skin or neighboring mucosa that does not show neoplastic growth.*p < 0.05 and **p < 0.001 vs the Nevi group; #p < 0.05 and ##p < 0.001 vs the primary group. PLA1A, phosphatidylserine-specific phospholipase A1-alpha; DSC3, desmocollin 3; DMKN, dermokine.