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Crack propagation for the XYZ orientation containing a Y-X crack. (a) The in-plane crack propagation of the 0/90° samples is denoted by the black arrows. (b) The out-of-plane crack propagation at a 45° angle in the +45/−45° sample is denoted by the black arrows. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [85]. 2017, Elsevier.
