Table 1.

Definitions of parental self-efficacy.

Author/Year	Definition
Coleman and Karraker (1997: 58)	‘one’s perceived ability to exercise positive influence on the behavior and development of one’s children’.
De Montigny and Lacharité (2005:390)	‘Beliefs or judgements a parent holds of their capabilities to organize and execute a set of tasks related to parenting a child’
Grossklaus and Marvicsin (2014: 72)	‘Self-efficacy is the central cognitive core to parenting competence in which parents look within themselves to decide whether they can influence their child’s well-being’.
Teti and Gelfand (1991)	Parent’s expectations about the degree to which he or she is able to perform competently and effectively as a parent