FIG 6.

Inhibition of endosomal acidification and lysosomal proteases significantly reduced PDCoV replication in HeLa and Vero cells. (A and D) HeLa (A) and Vero (D) cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of CA-074 methyl ester, bafilomycin A1 (Baf-A1), or the same volume of DMSO (control) for 2 h at 37°C and then infected with PDCoV at an MOI of 10 or 1, respectively, for 24 h. Viral N protein was visualized by an immunofluorescence assay. (B, C, E, and F) Viral RNA was collected at 24 h postinfection and quantified by qPCR. Experiments were repeated at least three times. Error bars represent SD. *, P < 0.05.