Table 3.

Conflict of interest in formula trials published between 2015 and 2020

	Independent funding (n=19)*	Formula donated by formula industry but no other industry support reported (n=7)	Formula industry funding reported (n=91)	Total
At least one author reported a conflict of interest related to formula industry	2/16 (13)	4/7 (57)	81/89 (91)	87/112 (78)
At least one author affiliated to formula industry	0/19	2/7 (29)	73/91 (80)	75/117 (64)
Formula industry sponsor involved in statistical analysis or trial reporting	—	1/6 (17)	59/75 (79)	60/81 (74)

Values are No of trials/total No of trials (%).

^*Independent funding means a funding source not related to the formula industry (n=17) or authors reported that the study did not have any formal funding (n=2). Denominators vary because of lack of reporting for some variables. Source of funding was not reported for eight studies, author conflict of interest was not reported for nine studies, and role of formula sponsor in statistical analysis or trial reporting was not reported for 17 studies.