Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Oct 13.
Published in final edited form as: J Public Health Manag Pract. 2020 Sep-Oct;26(5):404–411. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001219

Table 1.

Intervention effectiveness for people experiencing homelessness with a disability.

Outcome Comparison
Group
Number of
Studies
Relative Difference Favorabilitya
Homelessness Treatment First 17 −88% Favorable
Homelessness Treatment as usual 413,21,24,28 −89%
Range: −36% to −90%
Favorable
Housing stability Treatment First 67,25,30,32-34 41%
IQI: 18% to 166%
Favorable
Housing stability Treatment as usual 712,15,16,20,24,27,28 54%
IQI: 25% to 1088%
Favorable
Physical health Treatment as usual 215,24 3.3%, −0.2% Negligible change observed
Mental health Treatment as usual 415,20,24,28 −2%
IQI: −5% to 4%
No change observed
Alcohol use Treatment First 17 57% Unfavorable
Alcohol use Treatment as usual 415,22,24,28 −30%
Range: −82% to 36%
Favorable
Illegal drug use Treatment First 17 11% Unfavorable
Illegal drug use Treatment as usual 215,24 −1%, 62% Unfavorable
Alcohol and drug use Treatment First 126 −71% Favorable
Quality of life Treatment as usual 415,20,27,28 5%
Range: 2% to 10%
Favorable
Community integrationb Treatment as usual 320,24,27 14%
Range: 1% to 227%
Favorable
Emergency department use Treatment as usual 318,20,31 −5%
Range: −65% to 20%
Favorable
Hospitalization Treatment as usual 218,31 −36% and −7% Favorable

Abbreviations: IQI = interquartile interval, calculated with five or more data points; Range = max and mean of effect estimates, reported with less than five data points

*

Favorability refers to greater outcome improvement in the intervention population when compared with the control population.

#

Community integration: Extent to which an individual lives, participates, and socializes in his/her community, measured, for example, in the Wisconsin Quality of Life Index.