Table 1.
Participant Characteristics in Year 1
| Monolingual | DLI Bilingual | |
|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
| Age (years) | 9.17 (1.03) | 9.27 (0.94) |
| N | 33 (16M) | 33 (18M) |
| Socioeconomic statusa | 17.06 (3.04) | 16.98 (3.01) |
| Nonverbal IQ (WISC-IV)b | 113.67 (13.33) | 114.27 (11.79) |
| English Core Language (CELF-4)c | 111.34 (10.90) | 110.30 (11.41) |
| English Receptive Language (CELF-4)c | 112.73 (12.54) | 110.67 (13.01) |
| English Expressive Language (CELF-4)c | 111.50 (11.34) | 110.45 (12.77) |
| Spanish Core Language (CELF-4)d | 86.48 (10.08) | |
| Spanish Receptive Language (CELF-4)d | 97.67 (12.47) | |
| Spanish Expressive Language (CELF-4)d | 81.00 (8.98) |
a
Indexed by total years of maternal education.
b
Standard Score of Perceptual Reasoning Index from Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 4th Edition.
c
Standard Score from Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals, 4th Edition.
d
Standard Score from Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals, Spanish 4th Edition.