Fig. 4. Impact of NC–ribosome interactions on energetics of co-translational folding. (A) Free energy of FLN5–ribosome interactions for folded (this work) and unfolded⁷ states as a function of polypeptide chain length. Shading indicates the approximate extent of polypeptide enclosed within the exit tunnel.⁸ (B) Free energy diagram for the FLN5+47 RNC, combining measurements of native state interactions in this work with measurements of folding energetics¹⁰ and unfolded state interactions.⁷ Barrier heights are illustrative only.