Table 1.
Median Estimate of Infectious Units per Million Values for Each Participant by Assay
| Participant No. and Assay | IUPM Value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.5% CI | 5% CI | 10% CI | 25% CI | Median Estimate | 75% CI | 90% CI | 95% CI | 97.5% CI | |
| Participant 1126 | |||||||||
| QVOA M | 0.62 | 0.69 | 0.81 | 1.07 | 1.44 | 1.91 | 2.56 | 3.03 | 3.44 |
| QVOA RNA | 4.63 | 5.47 | 6.26 | 8.19 | 10.98 | 15.35 | 20.06 | 22.93 | 26.61 |
| QVOA S | 0.42 | 0.49 | 0.58 | 0.80 | 1.18 | 1.63 | 2.19 | 2.63 | 3.10 |
| QVOA SR | 0.43 | 0.48 | 0.60 | 0.81 | 1.15 | 1.66 | 2.28 | 2.89 | 3.35 |
| QVOA Simoa | 2.44 | 2.86 | 3.30 | 4.51 | 6.43 | 9.27 | 13.07 | 15.76 | 18.69 |
| TILDA | 17.33 | 20.41 | 23.57 | 29.54 | 40.15 | 55.50 | 76.23 | 87.28 | 98.81 |
| iCARED caRNA1 | 130.31 | 149.14 | 174.74 | 229.07 | 318.41 | 433.79 | 557.55 | 666.82 | 783.36 |
| iCARED caRNA2 | 3.61 | 4.45 | 5.31 | 6.99 | 9.44 | 13.21 | 17.52 | 20.64 | 23.61 |
| iCARED cfRNA | 1.93 | 2.18 | 2.52 | 3.23 | 4.43 | 6.08 | 7.77 | 9.33 | 10.62 |
| Participant 2026 | |||||||||
| QVOA M | 0.08 | 0.10 | 0.12 | 0.16 | 0.23 | 0.33 | 0.45 | 0.57 | 0.63 |
| QVOA RNA | 0.98 | 1.10 | 1.30 | 1.69 | 2.39 | 3.16 | 4.09 | 4.83 | 5.86 |
| QVOA S | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.15 | 0.22 | 0.35 | 0.48 | 0.57 | 0.66 |
| QVOA SR | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.30 |
| QVOA Simoa | 0.13 | 0.16 | 0.19 | 0.27 | 0.39 | 0.56 | 0.80 | 0.95 | 1.25 |
| TILDA | 2.94 | 3.30 | 3.93 | 5.14 | 6.93 | 9.63 | 12.47 | 15.13 | 16.72 |
| iCARED caRNA1 | 9.83 | 11.02 | 12.99 | 17.04 | 23.61 | 31.87 | 43.31 | 48.64 | 57.18 |
| iCARED caRNA2 | 1.07 | 1.17 | 1.38 | 1.82 | 2.48 | 3.37 | 4.58 | 5.20 | 6.05 |
| iCARED cfRNA | 0.54 | 0.60 | 0.74 | 1.01 | 1.40 | 1.93 | 2.55 | 3.03 | 3.43 |
| Participant 2147 | |||||||||
| QVOA M | 0.18 | 0.21 | 0.26 | 0.35 | 0.47 | 0.64 | 0.87 | 1.00 | 1.15 |
| QVOA RNA | 1.97 | 2.22 | 2.66 | 3.47 | 4.69 | 6.47 | 8.59 | 10.55 | 12.15 |
| QVOA S | 0.31 | 0.36 | 0.43 | 0.57 | 0.82 | 1.12 | 1.51 | 1.81 | 2.18 |
| QVOA SR | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.13 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.39 | 0.47 |
| QVOA Simoa | 0.16 | 0.19 | 0.22 | 0.33 | 0.52 | 0.78 | 1.17 | 1.44 | 1.66 |
| TILDA | 59.85 | 69.76 | 80.21 | 107.23 | 144.95 | 199.08 | 265.36 | 313.98 | 362.28 |
| iCARED caRNA1 | 29.19 | 33.68 | 40.44 | 54.68 | 76.65 | 104.06 | 142.57 | 159.39 | 175.80 |
| iCARED caRNA2 | 13.06 | 15.50 | 18.04 | 24.61 | 34.08 | 47.34 | 64.33 | 75.99 | 87.38 |
| iCARED cfRNA | 1.08 | 1.27 | 1.54 | 2.05 | 2.78 | 3.72 | 4.90 | 5.80 | 6.65 |
| 2208 | |||||||||
| QVOA M | 0.14 | 0.16 | 0.20 | 0.26 | 0.35 | 0.49 | 0.66 | 0.77 | 0.91 |
| QVOA RNA | 1.74 | 1.97 | 2.43 | 3.26 | 4.46 | 6.05 | 8.09 | 9.51 | 11.16 |
| QVOA S | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.18 | 0.24 | 0.29 | 0.33 |
| QVOA SR | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.18 | 0.23 | 0.30 |
| QVOA Simoa | 0.08 | 0.10 | 0.12 | 0.19 | 0.28 | 0.41 | 0.58 | 0.71 | 0.87 |
| TILDA | 9.34 | 11.33 | 13.65 | 19.33 | 27.65 | 40.05 | 56.07 | 69.75 | 83.06 |
| iCARED caRNA1 | 25.20 | 29.07 | 34.70 | 45.98 | 60.65 | 82.80 | 106.38 | 126.91 | 148.59 |
| iCARED caRNA2 | 4.45 | 5.41 | 6.30 | 8.00 | 10.96 | 15.15 | 19.20 | 22.55 | 25.34 |
| iCARED cfRNA | 0.33 | 0.38 | 0.45 | 0.59 | 0.80 | 1.12 | 1.48 | 1.76 | 1.92 |
| Participant 3068 | |||||||||
| QVOA M | 0.16 | 0.19 | 0.24 | 0.32 | 0.46 | 0.66 | 0.90 | 1.07 | 1.27 |
| QVOA RNA | 1.43 | 1.59 | 1.93 | 2.53 | 3.56 | 4.81 | 6.39 | 7.78 | 9.22 |
| QVOA S | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.12 | 0.17 | 0.26 | 0.38 | 0.55 | 0.66 | 0.76 |
| QVOA SR | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.18 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.37 |
| QVOA Simoa | 0.21 | 0.26 | 0.30 | 0.40 | 0.59 | 0.87 | 1.20 | 1.50 | 1.73 |
| TILDA | 2.91 | 3.51 | 4.30 | 5.88 | 8.31 | 11.54 | 15.31 | 18.71 | 21.34 |
| iCARED caRNA1 | 31.76 | 36.70 | 42.13 | 54.34 | 71.14 | 94.38 | 120.75 | 150.07 | 176.69 |
| iCARED caRNA2 | 2.34 | 2.78 | 3.31 | 4.32 | 5.85 | 7.75 | 10.27 | 12.26 | 13.87 |
| iCARED cfRNA | 0.36 | 0.42 | 0.52 | 0.67 | 0.89 | 1.20 | 1.59 | 1.85 | 2.15 |
Abbreviations: caRNA1, cell-associated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gag RNA; caRNA2, cell-associated HIV tat-rev RNA; cfRNA, cell-free HIV RNA; CI, credible interval; iCARED, inducible cell-associated RNA expression in dilution; IUPM, infectious units per million; QVOA, quantitative viral outgrowth assay; QVOA M, QVOA by University of Pittsburgh; QVOA RNA, QVOA by University of California, San Diego, with HIV RNA readout; QVOA S, QVOA by Johns Hopkins University; QVOA Simoa, QVOA by Southern Research using Simoa readout; QVOA SR, QVOA by Southern Research; TILDA, tat/rev-induced limiting dilution assay.