Table 1.
Clinical features and transesophageal findings of patients referred for Patent foramen ovale closure.
| Parameters | Screened for PFO closure n = 88 | PFO closure done n = 29 |
|---|---|---|
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 38 (11) | 41 (11) |
| Gender, male n (%) | 55 (63) | 16 (55) |
| Indication, n (%) | ||
| Stroke | 74 (84) | 25 (86) |
| Stroke and migraine | 11 (12) | 3 (10) |
| Othersa | 3 (3) | 1 (3) |
| RoPE Score, median (IQR) | 7 (6,8) | 6 (6,8) |
| Transcranial doppler performed, n (%) | 75 (85) | 23 (80) |
| PFO present on TEE, n (%) | 66 (75) | |
| Size of PFO, mean (SD) | 2 (1.4) | 2.4 (1.6) |
| Large PFO (>2 mm), n (%) | 31 (47) | 16 (55) |
| bModerate to large shunt by TEE, n (%) | 42 (52) | 17 (70) |
| Length of tunnel in mm, mean (SD) | 9 (4) | 9.5 (5) |
| Interatrial septal aneurysm, n (%) | 15 (23) | 8 (28) |
| PFO closure - follow up in months. median (IQR) | 19 (9,34) | |
PFO – Patent foramen ovale, RoPE – Risk of Paradoxical Embolism, TEE – Transesophageal echocardiogram.
a
Systemic embolism, migraine.
b
Moderate to large shunt was based on Soliman classification of more than 10 bubbles in a single frame within 3 consecutive heart beats on bubble contrast transesophageal echo study after entire right atrium is opacified. TEE bubble study performed in total of 80 patients.