Table 2.
Predictors of pacing induced cardiomyopathy.
| PICM (n = 74) | No PICM (n = 675) | Univariate OR (95 % CI) | p value | Adjusted OR (95 % CI) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 57.7 ± 15.7 | 59.4 13.9 | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 0.338 | 0.99 (0.97–1.01) | 0.422 |
| Female sex (%) | 25 (33.8) | 212 (31.4) | 1.11 (0.67–1.85) | 0.677 | 1.34 (0.77–2.34) | 0.297 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 24 (32.4) | 233 (34.6) | 1.10 (0.66–1.84) | 0.713 | 0.82 (0.46–1.45) | 0.494 |
| Hypertension (%) | 41 (55.4) | 365 (54.2) | 0.95 (0.59–1.54) | 0.838 | 1.01 (0.56–1.85) | 0.97 |
| Beta-blocker use (%) | 28 (37.8) | 201 (29.8) | 1.29 (0.71–2.34) | 0.410 | 1.31 (0.76–2.26) | 0.335 |
| ACE inhibitor use (%) | 34 (45.9) | 258 (38.2) | 1.20 (0.68–2.12) | 0.535 | 1.15 (0.67–1.97) | 0.608 |
| Baseline LVEFa, % | 56.6 3.0 | 57.5 2.6 | 0.85 (0.76–0.95) | 0.004 | 0.87 (0.77–0.97) | 0.016 |
| Paced QRS durationb, msec | 149.8 ± 20.4 | 133.2 ± 25.3 | 1.34 (1.22–1.48) | <0.001 | 1.22 (1.10–1.48) | <0.001 |
| RV pacing burden | ||||||
| Tertile 1 (<34%) | 9 (12.2) | 227 (35.6) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Tertile 2 (34–98%) | 30 (40.5) | 206 (32.2) | 3.67 (1.70–7.92) | 0.001 | 2.48 (1.11–5.54) | 0.027 |
| Tertile 3 (>98%) | 35 (47.3) | 205 (32.1) | 4.31 (2.02–9.18) | <0.001 | 2.46 (1.11–5.46) | 0.027 |
Note: Values are mean ± standard deviation, frequency (%) or median (25th percentile - 75th percentile).
a
OR for every 1.0% increase in EF.
b
OR for every 10 msec increase in paced QRS.