Table 3.
The effects of diabetes, ovariectomy, E2 and P4 on cardiovascular function.
| Parameters | Sham-Con | Dia | OVX + Dia | OVX + Dia + Veh | OVX + Dia + E2 | OVX + Dia + P4 | OVX + Dia + E2+Veh | OVX + Dia + E2+P4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MBP (mmHg) | 97 ± 2 | ∗∗∗119 ± 1 | 130 ± 2# | 132 ± 2 | 118 ± 1†† | 127 ± 2 | 117 ± 2 | 115 ± 2 |
| HR (bpm) | 383 ± 10 | 406 ± 6 | 396 ± 12 | 388 ± 16 | 402 ± 4 | 366 ± 12 | 381 ± 14 | 350 ± 15 |
| HW (mg) | 683 ± 30 | 750 ± 34 | 716 ± 30 | 700 ± 25 | 700 ± 25 | 716 ± 33 | 700 ± 25 | 733 ± 33 |
| CWI (mg/g) | 3.4 ± 0.1 | 4 ± 0.09∗ | 4.8 ± 0.09## | 5 ± 0.1 | 4.2 ± 0.1†† | 5.2 ± 0.1 | 4.2 ± 0.1 | 4.6 ± 0.2 |
| AI (units) | 0.99 ± 0.02 | 1.8 ± 0.13∗ | 3.3 ± 0.24### | 3.2 ± 0.19 | 1.6 ± 0.14††† | 2.2 ± 0.1†† | 1.5 ± 0.09 | 1.4 ± 0.1 |
| CRI | 0.99 ± 0.02 | 2.8 ± 0.13∗∗∗ | 4.3 ± 0.24### | 4.2 ± 0.19 | 2.6 ± 0.14††† | 3.2 ± 0.1†† | 2.5 ± 0.09 | 2.4 ± 0.1 |
Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M., n = 6 rats/group. ∗p < 0.05 and ∗∗∗p < 0.001 vs. Sham-Con. #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 and ###p < 0.001 vs. Dia. ††p < 0.01 and †††p < 0.001 vs. OVX + Dia + Veh. Abbreviations: AI: Atherogenic index; CWI: cardiac weight index; CRI: Cardiovascular risk index; Dia: diabetes; E2: 17β-estradiol; HR: heart rate; HW: heart weight; MBP: mean blood pressure; OVX: ovariectomized rats; P4: progesterone; Sham-Con: Sham-control; Veh: vehicle.