Figure 4.

Effect of the peptides on the membrane permeability of Escherichia coli and phytopathogenic bacteria. The membrane permeability was analyzed after the peptide treatments using SYTOX Green staining. The bacteria that were cultured in optimal rich media for 16–20h were recovered and prepared as OD₆₀₀=0.4 in sterile water. Five microliters of the bacterial suspension was mixed with 10μl of SYTOX Green (2μM) and 5μl of the peptide (64μg/ml). Crude peptides that were not purified via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used. The SYTOX-Green-stained cells were observed using confocal microscopy after they were incubated for 2h in the dark. The data are from a single experiment that was repeated at least three times with similar results. Eco, E. coli; Pcc, Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum; and Rs, Ralstonia solanacearum. Bar=20μm.