Table 3.
Results of the models of change in neuropsychology measures
| MMSE | LIMM | Trails A | Trails B | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | −0.06 [−0.16, 0.02] | 0.23 [0.09, 0.37] | 0.01 [−0.03, 0.05] | −0.01 [−0.04, 0.01] | ||||
| SMC | −0.10 [−0.25, 0.01] | 0.14 [−0.21, 0.48] | 0.04 [−0.04, 0.13] | −0.00 [−0.04, 0.04] | ||||
| EMCI | −0.21 [−0.32, −0.12]* | 0.18 [0.05, 0.32] | −0.01 [−0.04, 0.02] | −0.00 [−0.02, 0.01] | ||||
| LMCI | −1.01 [−1.30, −0.78]* | −0.09 [−0.29, 0.10]** | −0.04 [−0.09. 0.00] | −0.04 [−0.06, −0.02] | ||||
| Alzheimer’s disease | −2.34 [−3.13, −1.74]* | −0.25 [−0.66, 0.16]* | −0.22 [−0.35, −0.09]** | −0.05 [−0.11, 0.02] | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Difference in change in cognition | Individual models | Adjusted models | Individual models | Adjusted models | Individual models | Adjusted models | Individual models | Adjusted models |
|
| ||||||||
| for a doubling of WMH volume | −0.06 [−0.11, −0.02] | −0.06 [−0.10, −0.00] | −0.11 (<0.001) [−0.16, −0.05] | −0.09 (0.001) [−0.15, −0.04] | −0.02 (0.009) [−0.03, −0.004] | −0.02 (0.005) [−0.03, −0.01] | −0.01 (0.05) [−0.01, −0.00] | −0.01 (0.04) [−0.01, −0.00] |
| for one or more CMBs | −0.25 [−0.56, −0.06] | −0.21 [−0.50, −0.02] | −0.42 (<0.001) [−0.66, −0.19] | −0.32 (0.006) [−0.55, −0.09] | −0.04 (0.15) [−0.10, 0.01] | −0.03 (0.34) [−0.08, 0.03] | −0.01 (0.35) [−0.04, 0.01] | −0.01 (0.60) [−0.04, 0.02] |
Mean [95% CI] change in score per year are shown for the 5 diagnostic groups in the top of the table. Of note, the Trails A and Trails B scores are transformed (see Methods section). The bottom half of the table shows the individual effects of WMH and CMB on change in neuropsychology scores together with the mutually adjusted associations that are also adjusted for lacunes. Results here are changes in neuropsychology test score for given increases in SVD, (P-value), [95% CI]. Of note, no P-value is given for the MMSE result; significance is determined by 95% CI not including 0.
EMCI, Early Mild Cognitive Impairment; LIMM, logical memory immediate recall score; LMCI, Late Mild Cognitive Impairment; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; SMC, Subjective Memory Concern; SVD, small vessel disease; WMH, white matter hyperintensity.
P-value represents a difference in rates from controls at P < 0.05.
Significantly different from controls P < 0.01.