Table 3.
Factors associated with depression.
| Variables | Categories | Depression | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | ||||
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 313 | 27 | 3.86 (1.31–9.45) | 2.21 (1.11–5.49) | |
| Female | 126 | 19 | 2.21 (0.72–6.78) | 1.15 (0.33–4.04) | |
| Better not to say | 15 | 5 | 1 | 1 | |
| Age | |||||
| 18–25 years | 156 | 4 | 1.81 (0.89–3.71) | ||
| 26–50 years | 169 | 16 | 1.71 (0.86–3.43) | ||
| >50 years | 129 | 21 | 1 | 1 | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Single | 200 | 15 | 1 | 1 | |
| Married/In relationship | 110 | 15 | 0.55 (0.26–1.17) | ||
| Divorced/Separated | 115 | 10 | 0.86 (0.38–1.98) | ||
| Widowed | 29 | 11 | 0.19 (0.08-0.47) | ||
| Level of education | |||||
| Illiterate | 158 | 12 | 7.90 (3.31–18.82) | ||
| Primary | 170 | 15 | 6.80 (2.97–15.59) | ||
| Secondary | 101 | 9 | 6.73 (2.64–17.16) | ||
| Tertiary | 25 | 15 | 1 | 1 | |
| Living with | |||||
| With someone | 282 | 33 | 1 | 1 | |
| Alone | 172 | 18 | 1.12 (0.61–2.05) | ||
| Employment status | |||||
| Employed | 157 | 18 | 1 | 1 | |
| Non-employed | 297 | 33 | 1.03 (0.6–1.89) | ||
| HIV since diagnosis (years) | |||||
| <1 | 131 | 19 | 1 | 1 | |
| 1–5 | 178 | 17 | 1.52 (0.76–3.03) | ||
| 6–10 | 91 | 9 | 1.47 (0.64–3.39) | ||
| >10 | 54 | 6 | 1.31 (0.49–3.45) | ||
| Comorbidities | |||||
| None | 273 | 27 | 1 | 1 | |
| HCV | 46 | 4 | 1.14 (0.38–3.40) | ||
| Tuberculosis | 114 | 16 | 0.71 (0.37–1.36) | ||
| Others | 21 | 4 | 0.52 (0.17–1.62) | ||
| HIV serostatus | |||||
| Asymptomatic | 253 | 27 | 1 | 1 | |
| Symptomatic | 178 | 17 | 1.12 (0.59–2.11) | ||
| AIDS converted | 23 | 7 | 0.35 (0.14–0.89) | ||
| CD4 count | |||||
| <200 | 96 | 14 | 1 | 1 | |
| 200–500 | 148 | 17 | 1.27 (0.59–2.69) | ||
| >500 | 210 | 20 | 1.53 (0.74–3.16) | ||
| Viral load | |||||
| Detectable | 213 | 27 | 0.79 (0.44–1.40) | ||
| Non-detectable | 241 | 24 | 1 | 1 | |
| Time on ART | |||||
| <12 months | 164 | 21 | 1 | 1 | |
| 12–48 months | 109 | 11 | 1.27 (0.59–2.74) | ||
| >48 months | 181 | 19 | 1.22 (0.63–2.35) | ||
| How you get infected with HIV? | |||||
| No idea | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Blood products | 88 | 7 | 3.14 (0.31–32.06) | ||
| Injecting drugs | 297 | 33 | 2.25 (0.24–20.73) | ||
| Sex with women | 38 | 2 | 4.75 (0.35–8.66) | ||
| Sex with man | 27 | 8 | 0.84 (0.08–8.66) | ||
| Disclosure of HIV status to anyone | |||||
| Yes | 410 | 50 | 0.17 (0.03–1.38) | ||
| No | 44 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Any illicit drug use (last 6 months) | |||||
| Yes | 327 | 28 | 2.12 (1.17–3.81) | 1.87 (1.01–3.27) | |
| No | 127 | 23 | 1 | 1 | |
| Social support? | |||||
| Low | 97 | 18 | 1.69 (1.25–2.36) | 1.21 (1.02–2.25) | |
| Moderate | 193 | 12 | 2.06 (0.98–4.31) | 1.89 (1.05–4.11) | |
| High | 164 | 21 | 1 | 1 | |
| Stigma | |||||
| No | 61 | 13 | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 393 | 38 | 2.20 (1.11–4.37) | 2.48 (1.25–6.02) | |
Bold values shown significant factors (p < 0.05).