Table 3.
The dose response between PPI and autoimmune diseases.
| Types of Autoimmune Disorders | Event | IR | IRR | Adj. HR | 95% C.I. for adj. HR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | |||||
| 0 | 7592 | 274.67 | ref. | ref. | |
| 1–21 | 768 | 1071.64 | 3.901 | 3.317*** | 3.078–3.573 |
| 22–42 | 774 | 1353.25 | 4.925 | 4.284*** | 3.977–4.614 |
| 43–98 | 894 | 1442.01 | 5.249 | 4.219*** | 3.932–4.527 |
| ≥99 | 490 | 999.32 | 3.637 | 2.690*** | 2.451–2.952 |
| Systemic | |||||
| 0 | 4635 | 167.65 | ref. | ref. | |
| 1–21 | 483 | 672.06 | 4.009 | 3.789*** | 3.449–4.163 |
| 22–42 | 484 | 843.00 | 5.028 | 4.775*** | 4.346–5.245 |
| 43–98 | 579 | 930.66 | 5.552 | 5.193*** | 4.758–5.668 |
| ≥99 | 312 | 635.17 | 3.789 | 3.522*** | 3.135–3.956 |
| Organ-specific | |||||
| 0 | 2973 | 107.38 | ref. | ref. | |
| 1–21 | 289 | 401.41 | 3.734 | 2.688*** | 2.380–3.035 |
| 22–42 | 292 | 507.33 | 4.721 | 3.549*** | 3.144–4.005 |
| 43–98 | 316 | 506.60 | 4.712 | 2.999*** | 2.665–3.375 |
| ≥99 | 178 | 361.96 | 3.366 | 1.817*** | 1.558–2.120 |
PPI, proton pump inhibitors. Adj. HR, adjusted hazard ratio was adjusted by gender, age, comorbidities. IR, incidence rate was incidences of per 100,000 person-year. CI, confidence intervals. ***P-Value < 0.001.