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. 2021 Sep 30;15:685201. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2021.685201

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Copyright © 2021 Shi, Chen, Chen, Yang, Yue, Zhang and Chen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Sigma-1 receptor acts as a pluripotent modulator in pathophysiology. The figure indicates a summary of the mechanism in main pathophysiological processes in which sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) plays a key role. Numerous pharmacological studies have confirmed the positive effects of Sig-1R activation on cellular calcium homeostasis, excitotoxicity, ER stress, mitochondrial function. More experiments and further investigations are urgently needed to advance our understanding of Sig-1R and its specific role in traumatic brain injury.