Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and left ventricle characteristics
| Controls N = 25 |
All DMD patients N = 99 |
DMD LGE + N = 49 |
DMD LGE− N = 50 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics | ||||
| Age, years | 9.5 ± 2.5 | 8.8 ± 2.5 | 9.2 ± 2.7 | 8.5 ± 2.4 |
| Males (%) | 25 (100%) | 99 (100%) | 49 (100%) | 50 (100%) |
| Height, cm | 135.7 ± 17.6 | 125.8 ± 12.5* | 127.8 ± 12.3 | 124.2 ± 12.5* |
| Weight, kg | 32.5 ± 10.5 | 28.5 ± 9.8 | 29.2 ± 8.9 | 27.9 ± 10.1 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 17.2 ± 2.5 | 17.5 ± 3.7 | 17.4 ± 3.2 | 17.6 ± 4.1 |
| BSA, m2 | 1.8 ± 0.3 | 1.6 ± 0.2* | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.2* |
| Medications | ||||
| Corticosteroids | 0 | 60 (60%) | 34 (69%) | 26 (52%) |
| ACEI | 0 | 19 (19%) | 10 (20%) | 9 (18%) |
| β-blocker | 0 | 20 (20%) | 13 (27%) | 7 (14%) |
| Diuretic | 0 | 8 (8%) | 6 (12%) | 2 (4%) |
| Left ventricle characteristics | ||||
| Heart rate, bpm | 80.9 ± 13.7 | 95.9 ± 14.8* | 92.3 ± 18.6* | 97.7 ± 16.6* |
| EF, % | 62.0 ± 3.9 | 60.1 ± 8.0 | 57.3 ± 8.6* | 62.7 ± 6.4& |
| EDVI, mL/m2 | 53.0 ± 10.7 | 43.5 ± 10.2* | 46.9 ± 10.8 | 40.3 ± 8.7*& |
| ESVI, mL/m2 | 20.2 ± 4.9 | 17.3 ± 5.2* | 19.9 ± 5.3 | 15.0 ± 3.8*& |
| LVMI, g/m2 | 30.1 ± 8.0 | 23.9 ± 6.0* | 25.4 ± 6.1* | 22.5 ± 5.6* |
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or n (%)
ACEI angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, BMI body mass index, BSA body surface area, EF ejection fraction, EDVI end-diastolic volume index, ESVI end-systolic volume index, LVMI left ventricular mass index
*p < 0.05 vs. controls
&p < 0.05 vs. DMD LGE +