Table 4.

Percentual differences in hip joint loads between diagonal technique and double-poling

	Fres				Mbend				Mtors
	1. Max		2. Max		1. Max		2. Max		Absolute maximum
	Δ (%)	p	Δ (%)	p	Δ (%)	p	Δ (%)	p	Δ (%)	p
Level ground	− 4	0.141	− 7	0.028	− 2	0.345	− 12	0.028	− 3	0.600
10% Inclination	− 5	0.249	− 3	0.345	− 5	0.046	− 9	0.028	0	0.600
10% Slope	− 4	0.116	− 7	0.075	− 3	0.172	− 7	0.046	− 1	0.345
Lawn	− 10	0.028	− 10	0.028	− 7	0.116	− 13	0.028	− 3	0.753

Differences are presented in relation to the values of the diagonal technique. F_res: resultant contact force; M_bend: bending moment; M_tors: torsional moment