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. 2021 Oct 14;11:20477. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-99691-1

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The presence of two DI RNAs does not increase MxA induction. Calu-3 cells were either treated with interferon α or inoculated with IAV (A/WSN/33) or DIPs at an MOI of 0.1. Cell lysates were harvested 24 h after treatment or infection, RNA was isolated and MxA expression was analyzed by quantitative real time PCR. MxA transcript levels were normalized against transcript levels of β-actin. The average of three independent experiments is shown as x-fold over actin. Error bars indicate SEM. Two tailed paired student t-test was used to assess statistical significance. p < 0.5 = *, ns: not significant.