Table 2.

Estimates for change in cognitive domain composites as a function of baseline NFL and cognitive group

	Memory			Language			Executive Function			Visuospatial Skills			Preclinical Composite			Daily Functioning
	b	S.E.	p	b	S.E.	p	b	S.E.	p	b	S.E.	p	b	S.E.	p	b	S.E.	p
Intercept	1.042	0.083	<.001	0.974	0.100	<.001	1.042	0.106	<.001	0.243	0.086	.005	0.985	0.636	.123	−0.127	0.820	.878
Age	0.038	0.037	.307	−0.079	0.044	.072	−0.079	0.046	.085	0.034	0.036	.340	0.367	0.277	.188	−0.455	0.368	.217
Education	0.091	0.036	.012	0.115	0.043	.008	0.135	0.045	.003	0.145	0.035	<.001	0.642	0.271	.019	0.237	0.358	.509
Female	0.175	0.073	.018	−0.015	0.087	.863	0.046	0.091	.613	0.075	0.070	.288	0.805	0.550	.146	−0.302	0.726	.678
APOE ε4 allele frequency
0 (ref)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
1	−0.241	0.084	.004	−0.187	0.099	.061	0.013	0.104	.903	−0.093	0.081	.251	−1.990	0.629	.002	1.292	0.833	.122
2	−0.426	0.143	.003	−0.315	0.169	.064	0.055	0.177	.756	−0.058	0.137	.670	−3.077	1.073	.005	2.933	1.409	.038
CSF p-tau/AB	−0.288	0.087	.001	−0.174	0.102	.092	−0.514	0.108	<.001	−0.139	0.083	.095	−3.141	0.649	<.001	3.484	0.857	<.001
Cognitive group
CN (ref)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
SCD	−0.411	0.115	<.001	−0.580	0.140	<.001	−0.554	0.148	<.001	−0.181	0.126	.153	−2.886	0.891	.001	2.464	1.136	.031
MCI	−1.292	0.093	<.001	−1.354	0.113	<.001	−1.354	0.119	<.001	−0.566	0.100	<.001	−9.893	0.718	<.001	7.867	0.922	<.001
Time	−0.059	0.033	.078	−0.058	0.041	.163	−0.001	0.045	.980	−0.010	0.051	.840	0.029	0.287	.919	0.665	0.413	.109
NFL	−0.040	0.073	.585	−0.010	0.089	.910	0.033	0.094	.723	0.060	0.077	.433	−0.191	0.566	.736	0.584	0.722	.419
NFL × Time	0.028	0.032	.382	−0.017	0.040	.680	−0.007	0.044	.880	0.042	0.049	.398	−0.004	0.283	.999	0.230	0.412	.578
Cognitive group × NFL
CN × NFL (ref)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
SCD × NFL	−0.131	0.113	.247	−0.186	0.137	.178	−0.095	0.145	.519	0.021	0.127	.869	−1.511	0.873	.085	1.034	1.106	.350
MCI × NFL	−0.242	0.085	.005	−0.341	0.103	.001	−0.283	0.110	.010	−0.172	0.091	.059	−2.455	0.659	<.001	1.554	0.839	.065
Cognitive group × Time
CN × Time (ref)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
SCD × Time	−0.003	0.056	.953	−0.036	0.070	.606	−0.097	0.077	.212	−0.017	0.087	.845	−0.731	0.482	.132	1.777	0.684	.010
MCI × Time	−0.238	0.041	<.001	−0.301	0.052	<.001	−0.394	0.057	<.001	−0.192	0.063	.003	−3.322	0.356	<.001	4.135	0.509	<.001
Cognitive group × NFL × Time
CN × NFL × Time (ref)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
SCD × NFL × Time	−0.118	0.057	.038	−0.107	0.072	.136	0.023	0.078	.767	0.013	0.089	.881	−1.003	0.481	.039	0.937	0.673	.165
MCI × NFL × Time	−0.101	0.040	.012	−0.075	0.049	.133	−0.054	0.055	.320	−0.057	0.061	.356	−0.825	0.346	.019	0.867	0.500	.084

APOE = apolipoprotein E; CSF = cerebrospinal fluid; p-tau = phosphorylated tau; Aβ = amyloid beta; ref = Reference group; CN = cognitively normal; Obj-SCD = objectively-defined subtle cognitive difficulties; MCI = mild cognitive impairment; NFL = neurofilament light; S.E. = standard error. Bold values are statistically significant (p<.05). Effect size (r-values) interpretation: small = 0.10, medium = 0.30, large = 0.50.

Continuous independent variables and covariates in the model were standardized to have a mean of 0 and standard deviation of 1.

CN status was used as the reference group for the primary analyses; secondary analysis of the model was performed with MCI as the reference group.