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. 2021 Sep 14;13(9):e17982. doi: 10.7759/cureus.17982

Table 8. Main effect of education level on quality of life.

Data are presented as median (interquartile range) or mean±standard deviation.

F: one-way ANOVA (Sidak post-hoc test), H: Kruskal-Wallis H test (Dunn-Bonferroni post-hoc test) 

a statistically different from primary school, b secondary school, c higher education

VAS: visual analogue scale

Quality of life Primary school Secondary school Higher Education H or F (2) p
SF-36 Physical functioning 50 (80) 70 (60) 87.5 (38.75) 3.29 0.19
SF-36 Limitations due to physical health 75 (100) 100 (75) 75 (93.75) 0.48 0.78
SF-36 Limitations emotional problems 100 (100) 100 (83.33) 66.67 (91.67) 1.67 0.43
SF-36 Energy fatigue 40 (40) 50 (40) 47.50 (42.50) 1.26 0.53
SF-36 Emotional wellbeing 52 (24) 52 (30) 48 (37) 0.10 0.95
SF-36 Social functioning 62.50 (68.75) 62.50 (68.75) 75 (50) 0.62 0.73
SF-36 pain 100 (67.50) 100 (61.25) 100 (31.88) 2.20 0.33
SF-36 General health 40 (35) 45 (27.50) 45 (25) 2.16 0.34
MacNew emotional 4.50 (1.36) 4.57 (1.38) 4.79 (1.64) 0.61 0.74
MacNew physical 3.62 (2.69)c 4.77 (1.92) 5.62 (1.96)a 8.29 0.02
MacNew social 3.85 (2.62)c 4.46 (1.35) 5.27 (2.08)a 6.27 0.04
MacNew global 4.04 (1.93) 4.48 (1.17) 5.06 (1.53) 5.86 0.05
EQ-5D-5L index 0.38±0.25c 0.57±0.31 0.64±0.32a 3.89 0.03
Health assessment VAS 60.42±17.12c 69.71±18.77 69.5±19.42a 1.66 0.20