TABLE 4.
Bivariate analyses assessing the association between patient and health system factors and good patients’ experience (> 80% score).
| Variable | OR | Unadjusted OR | 95% CI | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||||
| Male | Reference | 0.87 | 0.44–1.78 | 0.66 |
| Female | 0.87 | Reference | 0.44–1.78 | 0.66 |
| Age (years) | ||||
| ≤ 34 | - | 0.70 | 0.40–1.25 | 0.20 |
| > 34 | - | Reference | - | - |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | - | 1.18 | 0.67–2.05 | 0.53 |
| Married/divorced/living with partner | - | Reference | - | - |
| Race | ||||
| Black person | - | 2.54 | 1.16–5.43 | 0.008* |
| Indian, mixed race and white people | - | Reference | - | - |
| Education | ||||
| Lower (primary school or less) | - | 1.01 | 0.54–1.99 | 0.97 |
| Higher (high school and above) | - | Reference | - | - |
| Employment status | ||||
| Unemployed | - | 1.31 | 0.74–2.28 | 0.32 |
| Employed | - | Reference | - | - |
| Income | ||||
| < R1600.00 | - | 1.82 | 1.02–3.21 | 0.03* |
| ≥ R1600.00 | - | Reference | - | - |
| Area of residence | ||||
| Rural | - | 4.47 | 2.23–9.75 | < 0.001** |
| Urban | - | Reference | - | - |
| Self-reported health status | ||||
| Good | - | 1.20 | 0.71–2.01 | 0.47 |
| Poor | - | Reference | - | - |
| Travel time | ||||
| Travel time < 2 h | - | 1.02 | 0.59–1.74 | 0.93 |
| Travel time > 2 h | - | Reference | - | - |
| Ideal clinic status | ||||
| Gold/silver achieved | - | 0.95 | 0.57–1.59 | 0.85 |
| Status bronze or not achieved | - | Reference | - | - |
| Type of facility | ||||
| Clinic | - | 5.13 | 2.83–9.83 | < 0.001** |
| CHC | - | Reference | - | - |
| Signage and notices | ||||
| Signage and notices – ideal clinic dashboard score > 80% | - | 3.17 | 1.84–5.43 | < 0.001** |
| Signage and notices – ideal clinic dashboard score < 80% | - | Reference | - | - |
| Cleanliness and hygiene | ||||
| Cleanliness and hygiene – ideal clinic dashboard score > 80% | - | 1.11 | 0.65–1.92 | 0.69 |
| Cleanliness and hygiene – ideal clinic dashboard score < 80% | - | Reference | - | - |
| Patient service organisation | ||||
| Patient service organisation – ideal clinic dashboard score > 80% | - | 2.44 | 1.17–4.96 | 0.01* |
| Patient service organisation – ideal clinic dashboard score < 80% | - | Reference | - | - |
| Staff identity and dress code | ||||
| Staff identity and dress code – ideal clinic dashboard score > 80% | - | 2.96 | 1.72–5.07 | < 0.001** |
| Staff identity and dress code – ideal clinic dashboard score < 80% | - | Reference | - | 0.66 |
| Referral system | ||||
| Referral system – ideal clinic dashboard score > 80% | - | 0.46 | 0.27–0.78 | < 0.001** |
| Referral system – ideal clinic dashboard score < 80% | - | Reference | - | - |
| Management of patient appointments | ||||
| Management of patient appointments – ideal clinic dashboard score > 80% | - | 3.23 | 1.89–5.57 | < 0.001** |
| Management of patient appointments – ideal clinic dashboard score < 80% | - | Reference | - | - |
| Security | ||||
| Security-ideal clinic dashboard score > 80% | - | 0.39 | 0.21–0.74 | < 0.001** |
| Security-ideal clinic dashboard score < 80% | - | Reference | - | - |
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; CHC, community healthcare centre.
*
, Significance of p < 0.05;
**
, significant of p < 0.001.