Table 2 |.
Selected targets for therapeutic modulation
| Cell trait name | Biomarkers to ensure cell-subtype specificity | Primary drug target | Disease | Proposed therapeutic modulation of primary drug target |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HVEM on T cell (especially memory) | CD3, CD45RO | HVEM | UC, IBD | Activation |
| CD28 on CD4+ | CD4, CD3, CD28 | CD28 | MS | Inhibition |
| UC | Activation | |||
| CD28 on CD28+CD45RA+ T cells (mainly CD8br) | CD45RA, CD8, CD3, CD28 | CD28 | MS, thyroiditis, T1D, VIT | Inhibition |
| CD80 on myeloid DC | CD62L, CD33, CD11c, CD141 or CD1c | CD80 | CRO, IBD, Asthma | Activation |
| pDC AC | CD123/CLEC4C | CD123/CLEC4C | SLE | Inhibition |
| CD80 on pDC | CD80/CLEC4C | CD80 | SLE | Inhibition |
| CD62L on pDC | CD62L, CD123, CLEC4C | CD62L | SLE | Inhibition |
| CD25 on CD45RA+ CD4 not Treg | CD25, CD127, CD45RA, CD4, CD3 | CD25 | PSC, AA, MS | Inhibition |
| CD25 on CD45RA− CD4 not Treg | CD25, CD127, CD45RO, CD4, CD3 | CD25 | Allergy, CRO | Inhibition |
| PSC, T1D | Activation | |||
| B cell % lymphocyte (especially IgD+CD24+ %lymphocyte) | IgD, CD24, CD19/CD20 | IgD, CD24, CD19/CD20 | MS, SLE | Inhibition |
| CD33 on myeloid cell (especially CD14+ monocyte) | CD14, HLA DR | CD33 | AD | Inhibition |
| CD27 on memory B cell (especially IgD−CD38dim) | CD27, CD19/CD20 | CD27 | HBVI, CRO, IBD, MS, SLE | Inhibition |
| RA, KD | Activation | |||
| CD40 on B cell (especially IgD−CD27−) | CD19/CD20 | CD40 | RA, KD | Inhibition |
| HBVI, CRO, IBD, MS, SLE | Activation | |||
| IgD−CD27− %B cell | CD19/CD20 | CD19/CD20 | RA, KD | Inhibition |
| HBVI, CRO, IBD, MS, SLE | Activation |
The table lists the cell trait name, specifying the primary drug target and the biomarkers used to ensure the specificity of the cell subtype. The correlated pathologies and the proposed therapeutic direction of modulation are also indicated. In the second column, a comma indicates the simultaneous need for specific markers; ‘or’ the mutually exclusive presence of two markers; a slash symbolizes the presence of at least one of the two indicated markers. Complete results are reported in Supplementary Table 8A. The disease acronyms are those of Fig. 3.