Table 2.
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis (NHANES 1999–2016)
| People living with HIV who are current smokers compared to people without HIV who are current smokers | People living with HIV who are current smokers compared with people living with HIV who are not smokers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| aORa | 95% CIb | aORa | 95% CIb | |
| Age (years) | 1.096 | (1.057 to 1.136) | 1.036 | (0.985 to 1.088) |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 1.000 | — | 1.000 | — |
| Male | 7.963 | (2.497 to 25.395) | 2.754 | (0.590 to 12.843) |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1.000 | — | 1.000 | — |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 10.449 | (4.129 to 26.445) | 1.107 | (0.243 to 5.034) |
| Hispanic | 2.592 | (0.705 to 9.527) | 1.585 | (0.170 to 14.785) |
| Education | ||||
| High school or less | 1.000 | — | 1.000 | — |
| Some college or more | 2.208 | (0.980 to 4.971) | 1.548 | (0.390 to 6.148) |
| Marital status | ||||
| Never married | 1.000 | — | 1.000 | — |
| Married/living with partner | 1.497 | (0.465 to 4.822) | 1.042 | (0.277 to 3.915) |
| Divorced/Separated/Widowed | 0.638 | (0.134 to 3.034) | 0.925 | (0.123 to 6.980) |
| Sexual orientation | ||||
| Homosexual | 1.000 | — | 1.000 | — |
| Heterosexual/Bisexual/Other | 0.016 | (0.004 to 0.067) | 1.452 | (0.425 to 4.955) |
| Employment | ||||
| No | 1.000 | — | 1.000 | — |
| Yes | 0.760 | (0.300 to 1.923) | 1.283 | (0.454 to 3.627) |
| Heavy alcohol userc | ||||
| No | 1.000 | — | 1.000 | — |
| Yes | 0.804 | (0.219 to 2.952) | 0.830 | (0.170 to 4.044) |
| Having depressiond | ||||
| Not at all | 1.000 | — | 1.000 | — |
| Yes (mild to severe depression) | 3.791 | (1.219 to 11.788) | 3.078 | (0.853 to 11.113) |
| Any drug usere | ||||
| No | 1.000 | — | 1.000 | — |
| Yes | 2.133 | (0.610 to 7.459) | 7.524 | (2.038 to 27.772) |
aOR: adjusted odds ratio by including all the variables above.
b95%CI = 95% Confidence Interval.
c5+ (for males) or 4+ (for females) drink/day, every day, at any point in past.
dBased on having a score of 1–4: no depression, and a score of 5–27: mild to severe depression in Patients Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).
eEver use of any drug use including marijuana, cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, and injection drugs.