Table 5.
Mann-Whitney-U-Test post hoc tests, N = 252
| Measures | group | group | p | r |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| STAI State Anxiety | Italy | Austria | < .001 | .40 |
| Italy | Germany | < .001 | .49 | |
| Austria | Germany | .696 | ||
| PANAS Negative Affect | Italy | Austria | < .001 | .56 |
| Italy | Germany | < .001 | .46 | |
| Austria | Germany | .434 | ||
| Perceived Severity of COVID-19 | Italy | Austria | .041 | .16 |
| Italy | Germany | .016 | .19 | |
| Austria | Germany | .723 | ||
| Perceived Risk of Disease | Italy | Austria | .042 | .16 |
| Italy | Germany | .004 | .22 | |
| Austria | Germany | .527 | ||
| Emergency measure acceptance | Italy | Austria | < .001 | .29 |
| Italy | Germany | .336 | ||
| Austria | Germany | < .001 | .27 | |
| Emotional distress due to emergency measures | Italy | Austria | < .001 | .60 |
| Italy | Germany | < .001 | .55 | |
| Austria | Germany | .304 | ||
| App-Usage | Italy | Austria | < .001 | .60 |
| Italy | Germany | < .001 | .71 | |
| Austria | Germany | .085 |
Effect sizes: r = .10 small, r = .30 medium, r = .50 large (Cohen, 1988)