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. 2021 Oct 1;11:722754. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.722754

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Cytotoxicity of temozolomide (TMZ) without or with valproic acid (VPA) in glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines. (A) Cytotoxicity of different dosages of TMZ (0–10 mM) for 24 h in p53 wild-type GBM cells (U87 and DBTRG-05MG) and p53 mutant GBM cells (U118MG and LN229). (B) Cytotoxicity of TMZ (1 or 3 mM) combined with VPA (2.5 mM) for 24 h in p53 wild-type GBM cells (U87 and DBTRG-05MG) and p53 mutant GBM cells (U118MG and LN229). Cytotoxicity was analyzed using the MTT assay, as described in Materials and Methods. Data are the mean ± SD. **p < 0.01 compared with cells without TMZ or VPA treatment; # p < 0.05 compared with cells with TMZ treatment. (C, D) Cell cycle analysis of TMZ (1 mM) combined with VPA (2.5 mM) for 24 h in p53 wild-type GBM cells (U87 and DBTRG-05MG). (E, F) Cell cycle analysis of TMZ (3 mM) combined with VPA (2.5 mM) for 24 h in p53 mutant GBM cells (U118MG and LN229). Cell cycle was analyzed using propidium iodide (PI) staining with flow cytometry, as described in Materials and Methods.