Table 2.

Patient demographics and clinical characteristics of glioblastoma (GBM) patients.

		VPA treatment				p-value
		Short-term (no or <30 days)		Long-term (≥30 days)
		Count	%	Count	%
Age (years)	Mean ± SD	58.18 ± 14.61		54.98 ± 14.26		0.854
	<65	76	69.0	41	73.2	0.582
	≥65	34	31.0	15	26.8
Gender	Male	71	64.5	25	44.6	0.014*
	Female	39	35.5	31	55.4
Seizure status	Yes	41	37.2	35	62.5	0.002*
	No	69	62.8	21	37.5
New/recurrent	Newly diagnosed	88	80.0	51	91	0.068
	Recurrent	22	20.0	5	9

VPA, valproic acid.

*p < 0.05 (the chi-square statistic is significant at the 0.05 level).