TABLE 2.
Mean change, differences and proportions on primary outcomes at 3 and 12 months
| All participants | Low‐risk participants | Medium‐risk participants | High‐risk participants | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 95% CI | p‐value | 95% CI | p‐value | 95% CI | p‐value | 95%CI | p‐value | |||||||||
| Intervention group | 169 | 53 | 52 | 64 | ||||||||||||
| Control group | 164 | 51 | 51 | 62 | ||||||||||||
| 3 months | ||||||||||||||||
| RMDQ | ||||||||||||||||
| Intervention group (SD) | 5.93 | −5.60 | 4.45 | 5.13 | 7.00 | 5.42 | 6.73 | 6.00 | ||||||||
| Control group (SD) | 5.52 | 5.89 | 4.16 | 3.74 | 5.91 | 5.72 | 6.45 | 7.46 | ||||||||
| Mean difference | −0.45 | −1.82 | 0.93 | .52 | −0.47 | −2.53 | 1.58 | .64 | −0.83 | −3.51 | 1.86 | .54 | 0.36 | −2.63 | 3.35 | .81 |
| Sensitivity analysis a | −0.40 | −2.10 | 1.30 | .63 | −0.53 | −2.75 | 1.68 | .62 | −0.52 | −3.45 | 2.39 | .71 | 0.33 | −2.47 | 3.14 | .81 |
| Self‐reported full time off work | ||||||||||||||||
| Intervention group (SD) | −1.48 | 13.70 | 0.26 | 1.54 | −1.15 | 9.36 | −3.78 | 22.07 | ||||||||
| Control group (SD) | −1.88 | 13.58 | −3.09 | 13.13 | 0.20 | 14.71 | −2.77 | 12.88 | ||||||||
| Mean difference | −0.49 | −4.26 | 3.29 | .80 | −3.75 | −7.49 | −0.02 | .05 | 2.74 | −4.25 | 9.73 | .43 | 0.21 | −11.09 | 11.51 | .97 |
| Sensitivity analysis a | 0.10 | −3.70 | 3.90 | .96 | −2.99 | −7.42 | 1.45 | .18 | 3.48 | −2.93 | 9.90 | .28 | 0.50 | −8.62 | 9.61 | .91 |
| Self‐reported part time off work | ||||||||||||||||
| Intervention group (SD) | −1.12 | 12.39 | 0.11 | 0.92 | −1.74 | 15.50 | −2.00 | 16.17 | ||||||||
| Control group (SD) | 0.18 | 13.24 | −0.33 | 10.20 | 1.84 | 13.78 | −0.98 | 15.30 | ||||||||
| Mean difference | 1.76 | −2.24 | 5.75 | .38 | −0.32 | −3.60 | 2.96 | .84 | 4.58 | −4.13 | 13.29 | .29 | 3.38 | −6.51 | 13.27 | .49 |
| Sensitivity analysis a | 1.80 | −1.98 | 5.57 | .34 | −0.49 | −3.90 | 3.81 | .98 | 4.83 | −2.29 | 11.95 | .18 | 2.00 | −6.52 | 10.53 | .63 |
| All participants | Low‐risk participants | Medium‐risk participants | High‐risk participants | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention group | Control group | Intervention group | Control group | Intervention group | Control group | Intervention group | Control group | |||||||||
| Self‐reported global change b , n (%) | ||||||||||||||||
| Worse | 8 (6.6) | 6 (4.6) | 2 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (5.7) | 3 (6.8) | 4 (9.7) | 3 (6.8) | ||||||||
| No change | 47 (38.5) | 46 (35.1) | 17 (36.9) | 16 (37.2) | 13 (37.1) | 11 (25.0) | 17 (41.5) | 19 (43.2) | ||||||||
| Better | 26 (21.3) | 34 (26.0) | 9 (19.6) | 13 (30.2) | 11 (31.4) | 12 (27.3) | 6 (14.6) | 9 (20.5) | ||||||||
| Much better | 41 (33.6) | 45 (34.4) | 18 (39.1) | 14 (32.6) | 9 (25.7) | 18 (40.9) | 14 (34.1) | 13 (29.5) | ||||||||
| 12 months | ||||||||||||||||
| RMDQ | ||||||||||||||||
| Intervention group (SD) | 6.09 | 6.10 | 4.13 | 4.84 | 8.16 | 5.66 | 6.42 | 7.06 | ||||||||
| Control group (SD) | 6.50 | 5.83 | 4.26 | 4.21 | 6.22 | 5.41 | 9.23 | 6.73 | ||||||||
| Mean difference | 0.06 | −1.49 | 1.61 | .94 | −0.34 | −2.57 | 1.90 | .76 | −2.19 | −4.58 | 0.20 | .07 | 3.13 | −0.11 | 6.37 | .06 |
| Sensitivity analysis a | 0.07 | −1.48 | 1.61 | .93 | −0.77 | −3.19 | 1.65 | .51 | −0.63 | −3.57 | 2.31 | .66 | 1.91 | −0.89 | 4.75 | .17 |
| Self‐reported full time off work | ||||||||||||||||
| Intervention group (SD) | −0.21 | 14.25 | −1.95 | 14.45 | −1.94 | 12.05 | 3.08 | 15.59 | ||||||||
| Control group (SD) | 1.53 | 9.54 | 1.18 | 2.76 | 1.17 | 3.09 | 2.25 | 16.28 | ||||||||
| Mean difference | 0.94 | −1.45 | 3.32 | .43 | 0.77 | −0.33 | 1.87 | .16 | 3.28 | −1.04 | 7.61 | .13 | −2.95 | −9.11 | 3.20 | .34 |
| Sensitivity analysis a | 1.32 | −1.21 | 3.84 | .29 | −0.25 | −3.46 | 2.96 | .87 | 2.33 | −3.35 | 8.02 | .38 | −1.11 | −6.52 | 4.30 | .67 |
| Self‐reported part time off work | ||||||||||||||||
| Intervention group (SD) | −0.69 | 11.62 | −2.11 | 14.34 | −0.44 | 11.57 | 0.50 | 8.35 | ||||||||
| Control group (SD) | 1.45 | 9.64 | 1.21 | 5.40 | −0.89 | 8.31 | 4.06 | 13.31 | ||||||||
| Mean difference | 1.65 | −0.79 | 4.09 | .18 | 1.06 | −1.02 | 3.15 | .31 | −0.12 | −5.26 | 5.03 | .96 | 3.54 | −2.42 | 9.51 | .24 |
| Sensitivity analysis a | 1.48 | −0.94 | 3.91 | .22 | −0.48 | −3.18 | 3.09 | .97 | −0.42 | −5.80 | 4.96 | .87 | 2.80 | −2.33 | 7.94 | .27 |
| All participants | Low‐risk participants | Medium‐risk participants | High‐risk participants | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention group | Control group | Intervention group | Control group | Intervention group | Control group | Intervention group | Control group | |
| Self‐reported global change b , n (%) | ||||||||
| Worse | 7 (6.3) | 10 (9.1) | 1 (2,6) | 2 (5.3) | 4 (11.8) | 7 (19.4) | 2 (5.3) | 1 (2.8) |
| No change | 36 (32,4) | 35 (31.8) | 11 (28.2) | 12 (31.6) | 10 (29.4) | 10 (29.4) | 15 (39.5) | 13 (36.1) |
| Better | 30 (27.0) | 27 (24.6) | 12 (30.8) | 10 (26.3) | 8 (23.5) | 7 (19.4) | 10 (26.3) | 10 (29.4) |
| Much better | 38 (34.2) | 38 (34.6) | 15 (38.5) | 14 (36.8) | 12 (35.3) | 12 (33.3) | 11 (28.9 | 12 (33.3) |
a
Based on imputated datasets adjusted for age, sex, clustering by physiotherapist.
b
The 7‐point Likert scale was collapsed into four categories.