TABLE 4.

Overview of primary care, secondary care and prescribed medication healthcare utilization and associated costs

	Resources				Costs a
	Intervention		Control		Intervention	Control	p‐value
	Number	Mean (SD)	Number	Mean (SD)
Primary Care
Physiotherapy	125	7.1 (8.5)	141	6.4 (6.8)	13.08 [12.76–13.41]	14.26 [13.91–14.61]	.000
General practitioner	159	8.7 (9.2)	148	7.6 (6.2)	12.67 [12.31–13.03]	13.91 [13.47–14.35]	.000
Chiropractor	18	4.7 (3.8)	16	5.9 (4.7)	7.02 [6.31–7.74]	6.38 [5.77–6.99]	.178
Rehabilitation (municipality)	9	17.6 (16.2)	10	19.1 (15.5)	16.00 [16.00–16.00]	16.00 [16.00–16.00]	NA
Other primary care contacts b	11	2.8 (1.3)	8	1.9 (1.1)	41.76 [31.95–51.57]	50.20 [33.24–67.15]	.381
Secondary Care
Spine centre	9	2.9 (2.2)	18	3.0 (2.8)	489.87 [−81.19–1060.93]	470.03 [89.83–850.24]	.954
MRI	31	1.2 (0.4)	29	1.1 (0.4)	365.29 [290.73–439.85]	328.55 [257.54–399.56]	.485
CT imaging	8	1.3 (0.7)	6	1.3 (0.8)	439.12 [74.86–803.38]	490.52 [35.60–945.43]	.862
X‐ray	55	1.6 (1.1)	53	1.5 (0.8)	310.06 [46.36–573.77]	981.42 [90.51–1872.33]	.069
Other secondary care contacts c	70	4.9 (5.7)	67	4.7 (5.4)	440.91 [335.13–546.70]	455.25 [341.07–569.42]	.857
Medication
Prescribed non‐opioid analgesics	76	3.59 (3.55)	72	3.78 (4.70)	7.84 [7.24–8.45]	7.03 [6.49–7.58]	.051
Prescribed opioid analgesics	34	5.65 (10.45)	27	4.96 (5.40)	7.71 [6.25–9.17]	16.61 [12.85–20.37]	.000
Prescribed tricyclic medication d	21	5.10 (5.01)	27	7.26 (6.63)	22.45 [14.96–29.94]	30.85 [23.25–38.46]	.133

The table shows mean number of treatments (and standard deviation) for participants in each treatment group. For all participants who has a registered treatment in the Danish Nationwide Patient Registry.

Costs reflect the mean regional healthcare expenditure in EUR for each treatment given in the two treatments groups.

^a €.

^b Rheumatologist, Neurologist.

^c e.g. emergency care, surgery (only one patient from the control arm ended up having back surgery).

^d used for neurogenic pain.