Table 2.
Subset of significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers identified from multi‐trait genome‐wide association study (GWAS) analyses in winter wheat and univariate GWAS analysis of single‐traits by selecting the top three SNPs of each trait defined in Table 1.
| Trait | Model | Markers | Chr. | MAF | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR_M | Univariate | Excalibur_c100336_106 | 4B | 0.110 | 1.91E‐05 |
| SRR_M | Univariate | IAAV5776 | 1B | 0.056 | 9.95E‐05 |
| SRR_M | Univariate | IWA430 | 4D | 0.438 | 2.11E‐04 |
| SRR_L | Univariate | Excalibur_c100336_106 | 4B | 0.110 | 1.70E‐05 |
| SRR_L | Univariate | CAP12_c956_61 | 5A | 0.112 | 2.04E‐04 |
| SRR_L | Univariate | BS00066434_51 | 5A | 0.146 | 2.19E‐04 |
| SRR_R | Univariate | Kukri_c10453_875 | 1A | 0.281 | 7.51E‐05 |
| SRR_R | Univariate | IWA6965 | 1B | 0.064 | 9.86E‐05 |
| SRR_R | Univariate | RAC875_c42206_305 | 1B | 0.064 | 9.86E‐05 |
| Respiration | Multivariate | Excalibur_c5139_198 | 1A | 0.213 | 5.69E‐06 |
| Respiration | Multivariate | tplb0048b10_1365 | 1B | 0.064 | 4.35E‐05 |
| Respiration | Multivariate | Ex_c4876_1221 | 1A | 0.248 | 9.36E‐05 |
| SRL | Univariate | RAC875_c63889_486 | 7A | 0.202 | 7.58E‐05 |
| SRL | Univariate | GENE‐1220_457 | 2A | 0.064 | 1.29E‐04 |
| SRL | Univariate | RFL_Contig5917_2369 | 2A | 0.071 | 1.73E‐04 |
| AvgD | Univariate | IWA7907 | 7B | 0.190 | 1.95E‐04 |
| AvgD | Univariate | IWA4438 | 7A | 0.083 | 1.97E‐04 |
| AvgD | Univariate | Tdurum_contig61864_1352 | 7A | 0.082 | 2.03E‐04 |
| RTD | Univariate | GENE‐0249_161 | 1B | 0.272 | 6.84E‐05 |
| RTD | Univariate | IWA614 | 7A | 0.277 | 1.97E‐04 |
| RTD | Univariate | Kukri_c20062_389 | 1D | 0.165 | 2.06E‐04 |
| Construction | Multivariate | BS00082644_51 | 3B | 0.247 | 4.91E‐05 |
| Construction | Multivariate | GENE‐0249_161 | 1B | 0.272 | 1.65E‐04 |
| Construction | Multivariate | IWA6076 | 2B | 0.273 | 1.72E‐04 |
| BF | Univariate | CAP7_c1083_283 | 1A | 0.140 | 1.74E‐05 |
| BF | Univariate | Kukri_c29121_226 | 1A | 0.140 | 1.98E‐05 |
| BF | Univariate | Kukri_c53935_265 | 1A | 0.136 | 3.47E‐05 |
| BP | Univariate | IWA1464 | 1D | 0.147 | 6.00E‐07 |
| BP | Univariate | BS00032149_51 | 1D | 0.133 | 7.39E‐07 |
| BP | Univariate | IWA2164 | 1D | 0.150 | 1.31E‐06 |
| BD | Univariate | Tdurum_contig49608_1185 | 4B | 0.143 | 1.59E‐04 |
| BD | Univariate | BS00063973_51 | 5A | 0.404 | 2.63E‐04 |
| BD | Univariate | Excalibur_c33173_557 | 2D | 0.205 | 2.91E‐04 |
| Topology | Multivariate | BS00032149_51 | 1D | 0.133 | 6.15E‐06 |
| Topology | Multivariate | IWA1464 | 1D | 0.147 | 6.95E‐06 |
| Topology | Multivariate | IWA2164 | 1D | 0.150 | 1.74E‐05 |
AvgD, average root diameter; BD, branching density; BF, branching frequency; BP, number of branch points; Chr., chromosome; MAF, minor allele frequency; RTD, root tissue density; SRL, specific root length; SRR, specific root respiration; SRR_L, SRR per root length; SRR_M, SRR per root mass; SRR_R, SRR residual.