TABLE 1.
Glossary of terms found in introduction
| Term | Description |
|---|---|
| Basal lamina | Part of the basement membrane that is in contact with the bottom‐most surface of the epithelial and endothelial cells |
| Epidermal growth factor | Protein that stimulates growth and proliferation of epithelial cells and fibroblasts |
| Factor VII | Initiating protein of coagulation cascade |
| Factor XIII | Enzyme that stabilizes fibrin |
| Fibrinogen | The inactive precursor of fibrin |
| Fibroblasts | Cells that produce proteins that make up the extracellular matrix such as collagen |
| Fibronectin | Glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion |
| Glycoprotein Ib/IX/V | Platelet adhesion receptor involved in hemostasis |
| IL‐1β |
Interleukin‐1beta Proinflammatory cytokine that can mediate fever |
| IL‐6 |
Interleukin‐6 Proinflammatory cytokine that stimulates acute phase protein production by the liver and induces inflammation |
| IL‐8 |
Interleukin‐8 Chemoattractant for granulocytes, especially neutrophils |
| Interferon‐γ | Cytokine that activates macrophages, induces helper T cell differentiation (TH1), and induces IgG antibody production |
| Keratinocyte growth factor 2 | Protein that stimulates growth of epidermal keratinocytes |
| Keratinocytes | Cells that make up a majority of the epidermis and produce keratin and the critical stratum lucidum layer |
| Laminin 5 β‐3 | Protein involved in adhesion of keratinocytes of the epidermis to the dermal skin layer |
| Leukocytes | White blood cells |
| Macrophages | A type of larger monocyte of the innate immune response that is involved in phagocytosis |
| Monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 | Proinflammatory protein that attract monocytes |
| Myofibroblasts | Fibroblasts capable of contraction |
| Natural killer cell | A type of white blood cell of the innate immune response. This type of lymphocyte plays a major role in the direct early host rejection of both tumors and virally infected cells. |
| Neutrophil | Polymorphonuclear granulocytes abundant in acute phase of inflammation. |
| Phagocytize | Engulfment or “eating” of cells and foreign material |
| Phosphatidylserine | Phospholipid located in cell membrane |
| Platelet derived growth factor | Glycoprotein produced by platelets and activated macrophages that acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils and can induce cell division in mesenchymal cell types |
| T cells | A type of white blood cell seen in the adaptive immunity responsible for cell mediated immunity. T cells, along with B cells, are the two primary types of lymphocytes that determine the specificity of immune response to antigens. |
| TGF‐β |
Transforming growth factor‐beta Cytokine that stimulates proliferation of epithelial cells and inhibits inflammation |
| Thrombin | Protease that cleaves inactive fibrinogen to fibrin in coagulation cascade |
| TNF‐α |
Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha Proinflammatory cytokine |
| Transforming growth factor beta | Inhibits function of immune cells such as T cells, B cells, and monocytes/macrophages173 |
| Type III collagen | Collagen predominantly found in skin, blood vessels, and granulation tissue |
| VEGF |
Vascular endothelial growth factor A signaling protein that stimulates vasculogenesis and angiogenesis |
| VonWillebrand Factor | Glycoprotein produced by endothelial cells that stimulates platelet adhesion and aggregation |
Abbreviations: TGF, transforming growth factor; TNF‐α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.