Table 4.

Multiple regression for back pain as a dependent variable

Variables	Unadjusted PR (CI 95%)	Adjusted PR* (CI 95%)	p**
Sex
Male	1.00	1.00
Female	1.26 (1.21–1.31)	1.13 (1.09–1.18)	< 0.001
Working time as a teacher
Up to 15 years	1.00	1.00
16 years or more	1.12 (1.09–1.15)	1.06 (1.03–1.09)	< 0.001
Overload of teaching work during the pandemic
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	1.56 (1.49–1.63)	1.23 (1.18–1.29)	< 0.001
Number of difficulties faced in distance teaching
None	1.00	1.00
Up to 2	1.23 (1.15–1.32)	1.10 (1.03–1.17)	0.003
3 or more	1.55 (1.45–1.65)	1.19 (1.12–1.27)	< 0.001
Negative changes in health status
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	1.63 (1.58–1.67)	1.25 (1.21–1.29)	< 0.001
Negative changes in sleep quality
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	1.56 (1.52–1.60)	1.18 (1.14–1.21)	< 0.001
Frequent feeling of sadness, depression or anxiety
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	1.53 (1.49–1.57)	1.10 (1.07–1.14)	< 0.001
Use of medications to relax, sleep or against stress/anxiety/depression
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	1.41 (1.37–1.45)	1.13 (1.10–1.16)	< 0.001
Physical activity
Stayed active	1.00	1.00
Positive changes	1.12 (1.06–1.18)	1.02 (0.97–1.08)	0.351
Stayed inactive	1.39 (1.33–1.46)	1.10 (1.06–1.15)	< 0.001
Negative changes	1.30 (1.24–1.36)	1.12 (1.07–1.17)	< 0.001
Increased body weight
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	1.29 (1.26–1.33)	1.10 (1.07–1.13)	< 0.001
Reduction of leisure time
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	1.36 (1.31–1.41)	1.08 (1.04–1.12)	< 0.001
Increased time spent using a computer or tablet
No	1.00	1.00
Yes, within 5 h	1.27 (1.18–1.35)	1.12 (1.05–1.19)	< 0.001
Sim, 6 h or more	1.64 (1.53–1.75)	1.27 (1.19–1.35)	< 0.001
Overload of domestic work
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	1.43 (1.39–1.49)	1.14 (1.10–1.18)	< 0.001

PR prevalence ratio, CI confidence interval

*Age-adjusted; p ≤ 0.05.