Table 1.
Demographic Characteristics of Subjects
| Variable | Total Sample (n = 82) | Acupuncture (n = 41) | Sham Acupuncture (n = 41) | Z/χ2 Valuea | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 58(25, 73) | 57(25, 72) | 58(25, 73) | −0.264 | 0.791 |
| Gender | – | – | – | 0.544 | 0.461 |
| Male | 23(28.0%) | 13(31.7%) | 10(24.4%) | ||
| Female | 59(72.0%) | 28(69.3%) | 31(75.6%) | ||
| BMI, kg/m2 | – | – | – | −1.106 | 0.269 |
| Under weight | 2(2.4%) | 1(2.4%) | 1(2.4%) | ||
| Normal weight | 68(82.9%) | 36(87.8%) | 32(78.0%) | ||
| Overweight | 10(12.3%) | 3(7.4%) | 7(17.2%) | ||
| Obesity | 2(2.4%) | 1(2.4%) | 1(2.4%) | ||
| Education | – | – | – | 1.352 | 0.853 |
| Primary school | 3(3.8%) | 1(2.4%) | 2(4.9%) | ||
| Junior high school | 11(13.6%) | 7(17.1%) | 4(9.8%) | ||
| High school | 20(24.4%) | 9(21.9%) | 11(27.1%) | ||
| College degree | 40(48.4%) | 20(48.8%) | 20(48.4%) | ||
| Graduate degree | 8(9.8%) | 4(9.8%) | 4(9.8%) | ||
| Insomnia duration, y | 9.5(0.3, 40.0) | 6.0(0.3, 40.0) | 10.0(0.5, 40.0) | −1.297 | 0.195 |
| Concomitant diseases | 35(42.7%) | 18(43.9%) | 17(41.5%) | 0.050 | 0.823 |
| Drug allergy | 20(24.4%) | 12(29.3%) | 8(19.5%) | 1.058 | 0.304 |
| Current hypnotics | – | – | – | −0.603 | 0.546 |
| Never | 38(46.3%) | 18(43.9%) | 20(48.8%) | ||
| Taking one or more | 44(53.7%) | 23(56.1%) | 21(51.2%) |
Notes: Data are presented as either M (Min, Max) or number (%). aThe measurement data did not conform to normality after the Shapiro–Wilk test. Comparison between the acupuncture and sham acupuncture groups by Mann–Whitney U-test or χ2 test.