Table 1.

The relationship between Oral flora and gluten in CD.

	Substrate types	Degradability	Outcome
Salivary flora [23]	Gluten	The degradation rate of gluten is higher than healthy people	unspecified
Rothia, Actinomyces, Neisseria, and Streptococcus [24]	Gliadin	unspecified	unspecified
Dental plaque bacteria [23,25]	Immunogenic 33-mer α-gliadin peptide	Complete degradation	Reduce immunogenicity
Oral microbial enzymes [23]	Gluten	Partial degradation	Induce immunogenicity