Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of all subjects.
| Control | Pretreatment | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| n (male/female) | 20 (16/4) | 20 (17/3) | 1.000 |
| Age (years) | 38.7 ± 9.8 | 37.4 ± 8.9 | 0.676 |
| Weight (kg) | 66.9 ± 5.7 | 69.8 ± 6.2 | 0.128 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.5 ± 0.2 | 27.6 ± 0.5 | 0.188 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 86.2 ± 3.3 | 91.0 ± 4.1 | <0.001∗∗ |
| Biochemical and metabolic parameters | |||
| FBG (mmol/L) | 4.8 ± 0.4 | 9.9 ± 2.8 | <0.001∗∗ |
| 2 hPBG (mmol/L) | 5.8 ± 0.6 | 16.5 ± 5.5 | <0.001∗∗ |
| FINS (μU/ml) | 5.3 ± 1.9 | 15.6 ± 7.2 | <0.001∗∗ |
| HOMA-IR | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 6.7 ± 2.9 | <0.001∗∗ |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.2 ± 0.3 | 10.0 ± 2.0 | <0.001∗∗ |
| TCH (mmol/L) | 4.6 ± 0.5 | 5.9 ± 1.4 | <0.001∗∗ |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | <0.001∗∗ |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 2.7 ± 0.6 | 3.2 ± 1.3 | 0.113 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 3.8 ± 3.6 | 0.016∗ |
| ALT (U/L) | 29.1 ± 19.4 | 56.4 ± 35.4 | 0.004∗ |
| AST (U/L) | 26.2 ± 15.1 | 38.3 ± 18.7 | 0.03∗ |
| ALP (U/L) | 66.1 ± 18.2 | 77.7 ± 24.7 | 0.100 |
| GGT (U/L) | 25.3 ± 20.7 | 79.1 ± 69.1 | 0.002∗ |
| FGF21 (pg/ml) | 124.1 ± 42.9 | 159.6 ± 35.7 | <0.001∗∗ |
| Liver fat content (%) | 4.5 ± 0.6 | 19.3 ± 9.4 | <0.001∗∗ |
Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; FBG: fasting blood glucose; 2 hPBG: 2-hour postprandial blood glucose; FINS: fasting insulin; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; TC: total cholesterol; HDL: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; LDL: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ALT: alanine amino transferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; GGT: γ-glutamyl transferase; FGF21: fibroblast growth factor 21. ∗P < 0.05; ∗∗P < 0.01.