Table 1.
Sample characteristics at baseline (T0) and study variables according to treatment group over time (T0–T3)
| Total (n = 176) |
AS (n = 100) |
Local (n = 76) |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic data | ||||
| Age, years, M (SD) | 65.5 (7.4) | 66.2 (7.0) | 65.0 (7.7) | 0.13 |
| Living with partner, n (%) | 154 (88.0) | 90 (90.9)) | 64 (84.2) | 0.18 |
| Higher education, n (%) | 93 (53.8) | 56 (56.6) | 37 (50.0) | 0.39 |
| Still working vs. retired, n (%) | 58 (33.1) | 29 (29.3) | 29 (38.2) | 0.22 |
| Time since treatment decision (weeks), M (SD) | 9.0 (8.6) | 9.1 (8.9) | 9.0 (8.3) | 0.96 |
| Risk classification | ||||
| ISUP Grade (low = 1), n (%) | 135 (77.1) | 91 (91.0) | 44 (58.7) | < 0.001 |
| PSA, M (SD) | 5.9 (2.6) | 5.9 (2.3) | 5.9 (3.0) | 0.95 |
| TNM, (T1a–c), n (%) | 163 (93.1) | 94 (94.0) | 69 (92.0) | 0.60 |
| Number of comorbidities, M (SD) | 0.3 (0.9) | 0.2 (0.5) | 0.4 (1.2) | 0.26 |
| Time pressure, M (SD) | 2.0 (0.6) | 1.9 (0.5) | 2.0 (0.6) | 0.08 |
| Moderate to high, n (%) | 48 (31.4) | 22 (25.6) | 26 (38.8) | |
| Information provided by urologist, Mdn (IQR) | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 0.20 |
| Rather to completely sufficient, n (%) | 161 (91.5) | 90 (90) | 71 (93.4) | |
| Impairment of erectile functioning | ||||
| T0 | ||||
| Mdn (IQR) | 2 (1) | 2 (1) | 2 (2) | 0.96 |
| Moderate to severe, n (%) | 39 (23.6) | 22 (22.7) | 17 (25) | |
| T1 | ||||
| Mdn (IQR) | 2 (2) | 2 (2) | 3 (2) | < 0.001 |
| Moderate to severe, n (%) | 78 (47.9) | 21 (26.3) | 57 (68.7) | |
| T2 | ||||
| Mdn (IQR) | 3 (2) | 2 (2) | 3 (2) | < 0.001 |
| Moderate to severe, n (%) | 83 (52.2) | 20 (30.8) | 63 (67.0) | |
| T3 | ||||
| Mdn (IQR) | 3 (2) | 2 (1) | 3 (2) | < 0.001 |
| Moderate to severe, n (%) | 96 (60.8) | 25 (43.1) | 71 (71.0) | |
| Satisfaction with sexual life | ||||
| T0 | ||||
| Mdn (IQR) | 4 (1) | 3 (1) | 4 (1) | 0.69 |
| Moderate to high, n (%) | 137 (80.1) | 81 (81.8) | 56 (77.8) | |
| T1 | ||||
| Mdn (IQR) | 3 (2) | 3 (2) | 3 (2) | 0.01 |
| Moderate to high, n (%) | 104 (63.0) | 58 (71.6) | 46 (54.8) | |
| T2 | ||||
| Mdn (IQR) | 3 (2) | 4 (2) | 3 (2) | 0.02 |
| Moderate to high, n (%) | 104 (65.4) | 48 (72.7) | 56 (60.2) | |
| T3 | ||||
| dn (IQR) | 3 (2) | 3 (2) | 3 (2) | 0.91 |
| Moderate to high, n (%) | 96 (62.3) | 38 (66.7) | 58 (59.8) | |
| Decisional regret (0–100) | ||||
| T1 | ||||
| M (SD) | 12.5 (17.5) | 9.0 (12.2) | 14.1 (19.4) | 0.27 |
| Mild to severe, n (%) | 51 (47.7) | 14 (41.2) | 37 (50.7) | |
| T2 | ||||
| M (SD) | 9.6 (14.4) | 5.6 (11.5) | 11.6 (15.3) | 0.001 |
| Mild to severe, n (%) | 52 (40.3) | 10 (23.8) | 42 (48.3) | |
| T3 | ||||
| M (SD) | 11.7 (14.0) | 8.3 (11.9) | 13.5 (14.7) | 0.03 |
| Mild to severe, n (%) | 62 (47.0) | 15 (31.9) | 47 (55.3) |
T0: N = 176, AS, n = 100, local, n = 76; T1: N = 167, AS, n = 81, local, n = 86; T2: N = 164, AS, n = 68, local, n = 96; T3: N = 160, AS, n = 58, local, n = 102; Time pressure, range: 1–4; Information provided by urologist, range: 1–4; Impairment of erectile functioning, range: 1–4; Satisfaction with sexual life, range: 1–5; Decisional regret, range: 0–100
AS surveillance, RP radical prostatectomy, RT radiation therapy, M arithmetic mean, SD standard deviation, Mdn median, IQR interquartile range