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. 2021 Jun 16;40(11):4569–4580. doi: 10.1007/s10067-021-05799-0

Table 3.

Clinical, disease activity, and serological parameters of non-switchers (n = 147) and switchers (n = 117) among PsA patients during 15 years of follow-up (FU)

Years to follow-up p
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
No. of patients
264 253 221 210 180 156 129 103 98 79 67 55 46 28 13 10
SJ
  Non-switchers 2 (0–4) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0)  < 0.01
  Switchers 2.5 (0–6) 0 (0–2) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–2) 0 (0–2) 0 (0–2) 0 (0–2.5) 0 (0–0)  < 0.01
TJ
  Non-switchers 5 (2–8) 1 (0–3) 0 (0–2) 0 (0–2) 0 (0–2) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–2) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–0)  < 0.001
  Switchers 4 (2–8) 2 (1–6) 2 (0–5) 1 (0–4) 1 (0–4) 1 (0–3) 1 (0–2) 0 (0–2) 1 (0–2.3) 0 (0–2.25) 2 (0–3.5) 2.5 (0–5.3) 2 (0–8) 1 (0–3) 2 (1.8–6.3) 0 (0–2)  < 0.001
VAS pain
  Non-switchers 7 (5.3–8) 3 (2–5) 3 (1.5–4) 3 (1.8–4.5) 3 (1.5–4.5) 3 (1.5–4.5) 2 (1.0–3.7) 2.8 (1.0–4.0) 2.4 (1.0–4.0) 2.0 (1.0–3.0) 2.0 (1.0–3.0) 3.0 (2.0–3.2) 2.5 (1.5–3.0) 2.0 (2.0–3.0) 3.0 (2.0–4.0) 2 (1.8–4.0)  < 0.001
  Switchers 7.0 (5.0–7.5) 5.0 (3.0–7.0) 5.0 (3.0–7.0) 4.3 (2.5–7.0) 4.0 (2.7–6.3) 3.5 (2.0–6.0) 3.5 (2.5–5.0) 3.0 (2.5–5.0) 4.0 (2.9–5.7) 3.5 (2.0–5.6) 4.0 (3.0–6.6) 4.0 (2.0–6.1) 5.0 (3.0–7.0) 4.0 (1.0–6.0) 5.5 (3.8–7.3) 3.0 (2.0–5.0)  < 0.001
VAS global health
  Non-switchers 6.0 (4.5–7.0) 29.5 (1.5–4.5) 25 (15–38.5) 2.0 (1.0–4.0) 2.5 (1.2–4.0) 2.5 (1.5–4.0) 2.0 (1.0–4.0) 2.1 (1.0–3.9) 2.0 (1.0–3.0) 2.0 (1.0–3.0) 2.2 (1.0–3.0) 2.1 (1.5–3.0) 2.0 (1.0–3.0) 2.0 (2.0–3.0) 3.0 (2.0–3.9) 2.5 (2.0–3.3)  < 0.001
  Switchers 6.5 (5.0–8.0) 4.5 (28.8–6.5) 4.0 (2.5–6.5) 4.0 (2.5–6.0) 3.5 (2.0–5.6) 3.0 (2.0–5.5) 3.0 (1.9–5.6) 3.0 (1.5–4.5) 3.0 (2.1–5.3) 3.25 (2.0–4.85) 4.0 (2.7–6.3) 3.5 (2.5–5.0) 4.0 (2.0–5.5) 3.0 (2.2–5.0) 4.0 (2.8–6.0) 2.5 (1.5–3.0)  < 0.001
LEI
  Non-switchers 0 (0–1) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0)  < 0.05
  Switchers 0 (0–1) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0)  < 0.05
PASI
  Non-switchers 1.0 (0.3–3.0) 0 (0.0–1.0) 0 (0.0–1.0) 0 (0.0–1.0) 0.2 (0.0–1.0) 0 (0.0–1.0) 0 (0.0–1.0) 0 (0.0–1.0) 0.3 (0.0–1.0) 0.20 (0.0–1.0) 0 (0.0–0.8) 0 (0.0–0.8) 0 (0.0–0.8) 0.5 (0.0–0.8) 0.2 (0.0–1.0) 0 (0.0–0.3)  < 0.001
  Switchers 1.0 (0.0–2.7) 0 (0.0–1.2) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–1.4) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–1) 0.1 (0.0–1.5) 0.1 (0.0–2.0) 0 (0.0–0.9) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–0.5) 0 (0–0.5) 0 (0–0.4)  < 0.001
ESR
  Non-switchers 17 (8–34) 8 (5–15.8) 9 (5–19) 7 (5–16.3) 10 (7–15) 10 (6–16.5) 10 (7–15) 10 (8–14) 10 (8–15) 10 (8–15) 10 (10–15) 10 (7–12) 10 (5–18.8) 7 (4–15.5) 7 (4–9.8) 6.5 (4–10.8)  < 0.001
  Switchers 19 (9–36) 11 (9–20) 12 (7–20) 10 (8–20) 10 (7–21.5) 10 (8–23) 10 (7–16) 10 (7–19.8) 10 (7–23.3) 10 (8–17.75) 10 (7.5–31.5) 10 (8–20.8) 10 (7.5–20) 10 (5.5–21) 10 (4–21) 10 (7.8–23.8)  < 0.05
PCR
  Non-switchers 6 (2.9–15.5) 3.05 (2–5.1) 3 (1.9–5.3) 2.9 (1.5–5.0) 2.9 (2.0–5.0) 2.9 (1.1–5.0) 3.7 (2.0–5.0) 3.0 (2.0–5.0) 3.5 (2.3–5.0) 3.0 (2.15.5.0) 2.9 (2.0–5.0) 2.9 (2.0–5.0) 2.9 (1.4–4.5) 2.9 (0.9–2.9) 2.9 (1.0–3.5) 1.3 (0.9–5.6)  < 0.001
  Switchers 5.5 (2.9–12.0) 4.0 (2.9–6.0) 4.0 (2.9–6.0) 3.0 (2.9–6.0) 3.0 (2.4–5.0) 3.0 (2.2–5.0) 2.9 (2.0–4.9) 2.9 (2.1–5.0) 3.0 (2.9–5.1) 5.0 (2.9–6.0) 3.4 (2.9–5.0) 3.3 (2.2–7.9) 2.9 (1.5–5.0) 3.7 (2.2–7.0) 3.0 (1.3–5.3) 3.7 (3.3–7.9)  < 0.05
HAQ
  Non-switchers 0.5 (0.3–1.0) 0.5 (0.3–0.8) 0.3 (0.3–0.6) 0.3 (0.3–0.6) 0.3 (0.3–0.6) 0.3 (0.3–0.6) 0.3 (0.3–0.6) 0.3 (0.3–0.3) 0.3 (0.3–0.4) 0.25 (0.25–0.25) 0.3 (0.3–0.3) 0.3 (0.3–0.3) 0.3 (0.3–0.5) 0.3 (0.3–0.3) 0.3 (0.3–0.3) 0.3 (0.3–0.3)  < 0.01
  Switchers 0.62 (0.3–1.5) 0.6 (0.3–1.4) 0.7 (0.3–1.0) 0.6 (0.3–0.8) 0.6 (0.3–0.8) 0.5 (0.3–0.6) 0.3 (0.3–0.6) 0.5 (0.3–0.6) 0.4 (0.3–0.6) 0.63 (0.25–0.63) 0.5 (0.3–0.6) 0.5 (0.3–0.6) 0.5 (0.3–0.6) 0.3 (0.3–0.6) 0.3 (0.3–0.6) 0.3 (0.3–0.4)  < 0.01
DAPSA
  Non-switchers 20.2 (15.1–27.9) 8 (5.2–12.3) 6.8 (3.8–10.6) 7.0 (4.3–10.7) 6.9 (3.9–11.2) 6.3 (4.0–9.7) 6.1 (3.2–8.4) 6.1 (2.9–8.8) 5.5 (2.8–9.7) 5.7 (3.34–8.22) 5.5 (2.0–8.0) 6.1 (4.2–8.0) 5.7 (3.5–7.6) 5.1 (4.1–7.3) 5.9 (4.3–10.6) 5.6 (4.1–8.9)  < 0.001
  Switchers 18.9 (15.3–25.7) 13.7 (8.3–20.2) 12.4 (7.4–19.8) 11.1 (6.1–19.4) 10.1 (6.1–16.2) 8.6 (5.4–14.9) 8.2 (5.9–13.4) 7.8 (5.4–12.9) 9.5 (6.9–13.8) 8.12 (4.45–14.18) 10.2 (7.3–16.4) 12.5 (5.9–19.7) 12.2 (6.1–21.5) 10.4 (4.1–16.6) 12.9 (9.8–25.6) 7.1 (4.1–10.0)  < 0.001

Significant results are highlighted in bold. Continuous variables are shown as medians and interquartile range. Values were computed by means of a chi-square test (for proportion) or the Mann–Whitney U test (for continuous data); p ≤ 0.05 T15 vs. T0

VAS visual analogue scale, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, DAPSA Disease Activity in PSoriatic Arthritis, HAQ Health Assessment Questionnaire, PASI Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, LEI Leeds Enthesitis Index