Table 4.

Record of admixtures of plastic waste with rubber for concrete/road construction

S. no	Application of rubber /plastic	Type of Rubber/plastic	% of rubber	Tests conducted	Test results	References
1	Modifier, binder, additive	Crumb rubber, PET		Penetration value, storage stability, rutting, fatigue resistance and inflated the rotational viscosity (RV)	Storage stability, rutting and fatigue resistance and inflated the rotational viscosity (RV)	Leng et al. (2018)
2	Modifier	Crumb rubber, LDPE, HDPE	2, 4, 8 and 10%	Rutting and cracking parameters	Reduced susceptibility to rutting and cracking	Khan et al. (2016)
3	Modifier	Crumb rubber tyre, LDPE	1, 2, 3, 4 and 5%	Marshall stability value, viscosity, softening point and stiffness	Marshall stability more than 30%, viscosity, stiffness and softening point increased	Onyango et al. (2015)
4	Modifier	Waste plastic and crumb rubber	2% waste plastic and 2% crumb rubber	Marshall quotient test, stability test	Stability increases, MQ value increased by 52%	Islam et al. (2016)
5	Modifier	Waste plastic and tyres		Softening point, penetration value, air voids, ductility test	Softening point increased, penetration value and voids decreased	Barad et al. (2015)
6	Modifier	Waste plastic and crumb rubber	Waste plastic 4, 6, 8, 10% Crumb rubber 5, 10, 15%	Marshall stability test, penetration test, ductility test, softening point test	Strength of bitumen modified with plastic increased 16% but with crumb rubber increased 50% as compared to conventional concrete	Bansal et al. (2017)