Table 2. Comparison of mean ± SD values for some M1 pharmacokinetic variables in dogs and cats.
| Species | Route and dose | Parameters (units) | Mean ± SD values | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dogs | IV (4.4 mg/kg) |
λz (1/h) Tmax (h) Cmax (ng/ml) |
0.44 ± 0.12 0.43 ± 0.20 146 ± 40.51 |
[25] |
| IV (4 mg/kg) |
λz (1/h) Tmax (h) Cmax (μg/ml) |
0.45 ± 0.39 0.94 ± 0.52 0.02 ± 0.01 |
[29] | |
| EPI (2 mg/kg) |
λz (1/h) Tmax (h) Cmax (μg/ml) |
3.77 ± 1.74 1.14 ± 0.72 0.20 ± 0.08 |
[28] | |
| IM (4 mg/kg) |
λz (1/h) Tmax (h) Cmax (μg/ml) |
0.34 ± 0.06 0.88 ± 0.18 0.6 ± 0.01 |
[29] | |
| Oral (11.2 ± 2.0 mg/kg) |
λz (1/h) Tmax (h) Cmax (ng/ml) |
0.33 ± 0.07 0.50 ± 020 449.13 ± 210.10 |
[25] | |
| Oral (5 to 7 mg/kg) |
λz (1/h) Tmax (h) Cmax (ng/ml) |
4.67 2.82 4.60 |
[30] | |
| Rectal (4 mg/kg) |
λz (1/h) Tmax (h) Cmax (ng/ml) |
0.45 ± 0.39 0.94 ± 0.52 20 ± 12 |
[26] | |
| Cats | IV (2 mg/kg) |
λz (min) Tmax (min) Cmax (ng/ml) |
261 ± 28 55 ± 17 366 ± 31 |
[31] |
| IV (2 mg/kg) |
λz (h) Tmax (h) Cmax (μg/ml) |
3.54 ± 1.17 0.25 ± 0.0 0.81 ± 0.23 |
[32] | |
| Oral (5.2 mg/kg) |
λz (min) Tmax (min) Cmax (ng/ml) |
289 ± 19 53 ± 13 655 ± 77 |
[31] |
λz = plasma half-life, Tmax = time of maximum plasma concentration, Cmax = maximum plasma concentration.