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. 2021 Oct 16;19:325. doi: 10.1186/s12951-021-01074-1

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 10 — "Metal-oxidase" system combined with hypoxia activation therapy synergistic anti-tumor system. A1 Scheme illustrating the design of combining starvation and hypoxia-activated therapy by co-delivery of liposome-GOx and liposome-AQ4N into tumors. A2 Relative viabilities of 4T1 cells after 24 h incubated with different concentrations of glucose and liposome-GOx. And relative viabilities of 4T1 cells after 48 h incubation with different concentrations of liposome-AQ4N under the normoxia or hypoxia culture condition. A3 Tumor growth curves of mice after various different treatments indicated.

Reproduced with permission from Ref [48], copyright © 2018 Elsevier. B1 Schematic diagram showing the fabrication of HGTFT nanoreactors and their applications for starvation therapy, CDT, and chemotherapy. B2 Tumor growth inhibition rates of different formulations. And apoptosis/necrosis rates determined by the TUNEL assay. B3 Tumor growth profiles of the mice in the different groups. Reproduced with permission from Ref [107], copyright © 2020 WILEY–VCH