Table 1.
Common TCM Syndrome Patterns of PMI and PMD
| Syndrome Patterns | Major Symptoms | Tongue | Pulse | Ratio | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PMI | PMD | ||||
| Depression of liver and deficiency of kidney | Insomnia or dreamful sleep, depressed mood, fatigue, chest distress and preference for sighing, hot flushes and sweating, frequent urination or dribbling urination | Red tongue with little coating | Stringy and thready, or stringy and rapid | 60.78% | 30.42% |
| Liver depression and spleen deficiency | Depression or irritability, poor sleep, poor appetite, abdominal distension, loose stool | White coated tongue | Stringy and slow | 24.02% | – |
| Stagnation of Qi due to depression of liver | Depression or irritability, preference for sighing, hypochondrium distress and/or pain, distending pain of breasts | Thin whitish coating of the tongue | Stringy | – | 18.80% |
| Imbalance between heart-Yang and kidney-Yin | Irritability and insomnia, palpitation, dizziness and tinnitus, loss of memory, dry mouth, soreness and weakness of waist and knees | Red tongue with little coating | Thready and rapid | – | 13.46% |
| Spleen–kidney Yang deficiency | Insomnia due to nocturia, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, chilly sensation and the cold limbs, diarrhea before dawn or loose stools, edema in the extremities | Pale and slight corpulent tongue with whitish and slippery fur | Deep and retarded without strength | 4.31% | – |
| Deficiency of both kidney Yin and kidney Yang | Poor sleep, sometimes hot flushes and sweating and sometimes chilly sensation and the cold limbs, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, dizziness and tinnitus | Pale tongue with thin coating | Stringy and thready | 4.31% | – |
| Heart-Gallbladder Qi deficiency | Palpitation, timidity, feeling fearful, difficulty in falling asleep, tendency to sleep lightly, nightmares, depressed mood, short of breath, spontaneous perspiration | Pale tongue with whitish coating | Stringy and thready | 3.70% | 6.72% |
| Heart–spleen deficiency | Insomnia, dreamful sleep, worry beyond measure, palpitation, poor appetite, loose stool, fatigue, sallow complexion, loss of memory | Pale tongue with whitish coating | Thin and weak | 2.87% | 6.11% |
| Hyperactivity of fire due to Yin deficiency | Vexation, irritable and depressed mood, dry mouth, tidal reddening of the cheeks, dysphoria in chest palms-soles | Red tongue with little coating | Stringy and rapid | – | 4.65% |
Table 1 is not a direct quote from any paper, but is compiled by us from data in two published papers (Ref 47 & 48 of this manuscript); Similarly, Table 3 is compiled by us from data in two published papers (Ref 19 & 50 of this manuscript); The rest of the tables and figures are original and do not require reference. 47 and 48.