Fig. 2.

(a) Morphologies of cells, small, medium and tall, modelled in Ansys Fluent and based on real Caco-2 cells dimensions, representing typical dimensions respectively at day 3, 6 and 16 of cell growth and observed in standard cell culture (Hidalgo et al. 1989). H_c = cell height, w_c = cell width, Days = days of culture. (b, c) Cell shear stress (${\tau }_c$) as predicted by CFD simulations for (b) small and (c) tall cell morphologies in Ansys Fluent. (d) Summary of cell shear stress predictions from CFD simulations at ${\tau }_w$ = 0.02 dyne/cm² corresponding to a flow rate of 29 µl/hr, and at ${\tau }_w$ = 0.0124 dyne/cm² corresponding to a flow rate of 18 µl/hr